作物高光效之管见  

My Humble Opinions on High Photosynthetic Efficiency of Crop

作　　者：程建峰[1,2] 沈允钢[2] 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学教育部作物生理生态与遗传育种重点实验室,江西南昌330045 [2]中国科学院上海生命科学研究院植物生理生态研究所,上海200032

出　　处：《作物学报》2010年第8期1235-1247,共13页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2009CB118504);中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KSCX2-YW-N-059);上海市博士后基金(07R214153)资助

摘　　要：光合作用提供了作物产量形成的物质基础。目前作物的叶面积指数和经济系数已难以继续增加,若想进一步提高作物产量就必须提高生物量,提高作物光能利用率成为关键。作物高光效是一个内涵和外延非常广的概念,涉及作物生命活动的全过程,与众多学科相联系,不同学科有着不同的理解。作者根据现有的研究进展,结合从事作物生理、育种和栽培的实践,从光合作用的主要过程及关键调控位点、作物光能利用率、高光效作物的生理基础与形态特征和高光效作物的筛选与鉴定对"作物高光效"进行了概述,以期为今后的作物"高光效"研究提供一点有益的思考与借鉴。Photosynthesis provides the material basis of crop yield formation.At present,crop biomass yield must be enhanced if crop yield is expected to be more improved under the conditions of more difficultly increasing crop leaf area index and economic coefficient,the key approach is improving solar radiation utilization efficiency.High photosynthetic efficiency of crop is a concept with widely connotation and extension;it involves in the whole process of crop life activities and relates to many subjects with different views.At the basis of current research progress,combined with authors＇ practice in crop physiology,breeding and cultivation,we outlined high photosynthetic efficiency of crop from the major process and critical control points of photosynthesis,solar radiation utilization efficiency,the physiological basis,morphological characteristics,identification and screening of crop with high photosynthetic efficiency to provide some beneficial thoughts and references for the future research.

关 键 词：作物 光合作用 高光效 太阳能(光能)利用率 

分 类 号：S184[农业科学—农业基础科学]