环境约束下的中国火电行业技术效率及其影响因素实证研究  

An Empirical Study on Technical Efficiency of China's Thermal Power Generation and Its Determinants under Environmental Constraint

作　　者：王兵[1] 卢金勇[1] 陈茹[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学经济学院

出　　处：《经济评论》2010年第4期90-97,108,共9页Economic Review

基　　金：教育部人文社科项目"节能减排约束下中国经济绩效研究:基于全要素生产率的视角"(08JC790047)的阶段性成果;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(10JYB2025)

摘　　要：本文运用方向性距离函数测度了环境约束下中国30个省火电行业2001-2007年的技术效率,并对技术效率影响因素进行了实证分析。实证结果表明:在研究期间,沿海地区或煤炭资源丰富省份的技术效率较高,东部地区技术效率优于中西部地区,而全国火电行业的技术效率平均水平为0.940;火电行业发展模式与技术效率变化率呈负相关关系;利用面板数据以及可行性广义最小二乘法对技术效率影响因素进行分析发现,机组容量利用率、燃煤效率与环境约束对技术效率有显著的影响,其中环境约束与技术效率基本呈现"U"型关系;在技术效率影响因素分析模型中,通过引入时间变量,发现我国电力体制改革对技术效率的促进作用并没有得到体现。This paper adopts directional distance functions to measure the technical efficiency of China＇ s Thermal Power Generation over the period 2001 to 2007 under the constraint of SO2 emissions, and empirically examines influencing factors of efficiency. The results indicate that the technical efficiency is higher in coastal areas or those provinces rich in coal, and eastern areas have higher technical efficiency than central and western areas. The average technical efficiency arrives at 0. 940 in china between 2001 and 2007. The development model is negatively correlated with the technical efficiency change. It is also found that capacity utilization rate, fuel efficiency and environmental regulation have significant influence on technical efficiency, and the reform of power system has not promoted the improvement of technical efficiency.

关 键 词：环境约束 技术效率 方向性距离函数 

分 类 号：F426.61[经济管理—产业经济]