河水漫溢对塔里木河下游土壤颗粒组成的影响  

Effect of River-Flooding on Soil Particles Properties in the Lower Reaches of the Tarim River

作　　者：周斌[1,2] 徐海量[2] 熊黑钢[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆大学资源与环境学院,乌鲁木齐830046 [2]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2010年第4期177-181,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30970549;40771043)

摘　　要：通过对比塔里木河下游在生态输水过程中形成的漫溢区和非漫溢区土壤的颗粒组成,分析了漫溢作用下土壤颗粒组成的变化特点,探讨了不同干扰方式对土壤颗粒组成的影响,目的是为解释河水漫溢后植被出现明显变化是否由漫溢引起表层土壤粘粒和粉沙物质明显增多造成的。结果显示：（1）塔里木河下游土壤的颗粒组成以粗粉沙、极细沙和细沙为主,粒径一般在31~250μm,属沙质壤土;（2）漫溢干扰后粒径组成发生了变化,主要表现在：粒径的偏度大部分大于0.30,属极正偏,即主要粒度集中在粗粒部分,而颗粒分布的峰态大部分较漫溢前有所变宽、变缓;（3）漫溢方式对粉沙和粘粒物质百分含量的多因素方差分析表明,漫溢方式对颗粒组成的影响最为显著;但是不同漫溢方式、漫溢频次和漫溢持续的时间对土壤粘粒和粉沙物质的影响各异;（4）通过对漫溢方式、漫溢持续和频次对土壤粘粒和粉沙物质组成的讨论,适度漫溢干扰更有利于表层粘粒和粉沙物质的积累,这与国外的一些研究的适度干扰假设是一致的。In order to examine and analyze the influence of the river flooding disturbance on soil particles in the lower reaches of the Tarim River,the comparative study on soil particles were carried out,the changed characters of soil particles under different flooding disturbance were discussed.The research purpose is try to explain if the increasing clay and silt in surface soil are the vegetation increased reason after flooding disturbance.The results were showed as follow：（1）The soil textures of most samples are mainly the sandy loams or silty loams consisted of coarse silts,extremely fine sand and fine sand,the most soil particle diameter were attributed from 31 μm to 250 μm.（2）The consisted of soil particles have changed after flooding disturbance,the skewness0.30,attributed fine skewed,which means the main particles are focus on coarsely granular,and then,the kurtosis showed broaden and slowly than before flooding.（3）The percent of silt and clay have changed under different flooding fashion,the results of multi-variable ANOVA showed,kinds of flooding action are extremely significant,but the flooding frequency and standing time bring different changes for the consisted of silt and clay.（4）The discussion about the accumulation of clay and silt in surface soil under different flooding fashion,the flooding frequency and standing time disturbance showed the moderate disturbance are beneficial,which accord with moderate disturb hypothesis of foreign research.

关 键 词：漫溢干扰 土壤颗粒 塔里木河 

分 类 号：S152.3[农业科学—土壤学]