围产期窒息儿的颅脑超声诊断及临床  

ULTRASONOGRAPHIC SCANS OF NEONATES WITH BIRTH ASPHYXIA AND THEIR CLINICAL ASPECTS

作　　者：栾晓丽 何佩贞[1] 樊绍曾[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海医科大学附属儿科医院

出　　处：《上海医学》1990年第8期457-460,共4页Shanghai Medical Journal

摘　　要：对115例出生时Apgar评分≤7分的新生儿进行B型超声检查。结果有48例超声检查正常(41.7％),缺氧缺血性脑病36例(31.3％),颅内出血26例(22.6％)。脑室扩大5例(4.4％)。Apgar评分低不伴有神经系统症状、体征者超声检查正常率为82.9％,而伴神经系统症状、体征者81.9％患儿超声检查发现异常。超声随访发现缺氧缺血性脑病、颅内出血者脑室扩大者多:轻到中度脑室扩大53.8％(14/26),进行性脑室扩大11.5％(3/16)。对72例临床及实验室资料回顾性分析发现,pH<7.25,PCO_2>6.7kPa,颅内出血组明显高于正常组,因此在抢救窒息新生儿时,加强呼吸管理及维持内环境稳定很重要。Ultrasonographic scans were performed in 115 newborn babies with Apgar score≤7 at 1 minute after birth. The results were normal in 48 cases (41.7%); hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in 36 (31.3%); intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) in 26 (22.6%) and ventriculomegaly in 5 (4.4%). The normal rate of ultrasonographic scans was 82.9% in those with low Apgar score but without clinical symptoms and signs. However the abnormal rate was 81.1% in those having clinical symptoms and signs, either irritable and hyperalert appearance or apathetic and hypotonic state. The ventricles were often enlarged following HIE and ICH. Among 26 cases, 14 had mild to moderate enlargement while 3 were progressively dilated. The babies with blood pH<7.25 and/or PCO_2>6.7 kPa were more common in ICH group. Therefore it is important to correct the acid-base imbalance, especially in respiratory acidosis.

关 键 词：围产期 窒息儿 颅脑 超声诊断 

分 类 号：R722.120.4[医药卫生—儿科]