BP保水剂及其对土壤与作物的效应  

Water Retaining BP Agent and Its Effect on Soil and Crops

作　　者：张富仓[1] 康绍忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农业大学

出　　处：《农业工程学报》1999年第2期74-78,共5页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家杰出青年基金

摘　　要：对美国生产的ＢＰ保水剂在土壤中的试验结果表明，ＢＰ保水剂有极强的吸水保水能力，对无离子的吸水能力为３８．７ｍＬ／ｇ，含盐量在０～０．１％范围内，溶胀度变化最大，在０．１％盐水中的溶胀度仅为蒸馏水的６３％，吸持的有效水占２／３以上；ＢＰ保水剂施加到土壤中可改善土壤物理水分性状，土壤持水性能显著增大，在０．０１～１．５ＭＰａ土壤水势范围内，砂土和重壤土较轻壤土和中壤土有显著增加；土壤中施加ＢＰ保水剂，土壤饱和导水率显著降低，土壤蒸发性能无显著变化，土壤团聚作用增强；其中砂土增加效果显著；ＢＰ保水剂加入砂土中盆栽种植小麦试验表明，加入ＢＰ保水剂，可使小麦幼苗株重、根系长度和根重有明显的增加，根冠比明显增大，根系营养状况良好，对小麦生长有明显的促进作用。Water retaining properties of water retaining BP agent manufactured in USA and its effect on soil and crops were studied. The results obtained were as follows: There were strong absorbretaining properties with BP,absorbing capacity in distilled water is 38.7 mL/g, there was a large change of imbibition in the range of 00.1 % solution concentration, the imbibition of 0.1 % solution concentration is 63 % in distilled water, the amount of available water absorbed is over 2/3; soil water physical characterictics were improved and water retention power increases as BP is added to soil; in the range of 0.011.5 MPa soil water potential, there were obvious increases in sand soil and heavy loam soil compared with that of light loam and middle loam soil; when BP is added to soil saturated hydraulic conductivity will decrease, soil evaporation properties have no obvious change, especially in sand soil; sand soil wheat pot experiment with BP added to soil showed that there were obvious increases in the weight of wheat root, root length and ratio of root and shoot, the nutrition condition of root system was better, and the wheat growth was improved.

关 键 词：BP保水剂 保水特性 土壤水分 作物效应 

分 类 号：S157.9[农业科学—土壤学]