基于数据包络分析的中国旅游业发展效率特征  

Efficiency Characteristics Analysis of Tourism Industry in China Based on the Method of DEA

作　　者：陶卓民[1] 薛献伟[1] 管晶晶[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学地理科学学院,南京210046

出　　处：《地理学报》2010年第8期1004-1012,共9页Acta Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(07BJY133);国家自然科学基金项目(40971289;D011103)~~

摘　　要：运用数据包络分析法,通过测度中国旅游业发展的技术效率、规模效率和全要素生产率,分析了自1999-2006年中国旅游业发展的效率特征。研究表明:①1999-2006年中国旅游业发展的总体效率偏低,未能充分挖掘出现有资源的潜力,旅游投入总量处于规模不经济的状态。②1999-2006年旅游业纯技术效率的均值为0.658,现有技术使用的有效程度较低,技术进步的潜力较大。③各省区旅游业的发展存在后发优势,技术效率低的省份技术进步效率增长较快。④中国各省份TFP增长率存在显著的差异,呈现出从东部、中部到西部依次降低的格局,区域之间旅游业发展效率存在明显差距并呈现扩大趋势。最后根据分析结果,提出优化投入要素比例,整合旅游产业链,完善旅游业的创新体系,加快技术进步,制定相应的区域发展倾斜政策等建议,以促进增长方式的转变,推动中国旅游业持续高效发展。By using the data envelopment analysis and through measuring the technical efficiency,scale efficiency as well as the total factor productivity,this paper analyzes the efficiency characteristics of the tourism industry development in China from 1999 to 2006. Some conclusions can be drawn as follows. （1） As the overall efficiency of tourism industry development in China from 1999 to 2006 is low,China＇s tourism industry fails to fully exploit the potential of the existing resources so that the total tourism input is maintained in a diseconomical status. （2） The mean value of pure technical efficiency in tourism industry is 0.658 from 1999 to 2006,which means the effective use of existing technology is lower and the potential of the technical progress is larger. （3） Tourism development in China＇s western provinces enjoys the advantage of late-development,and the technical progress efficiency increases faster in the provinces with lower technological efficiency. （4） The TFP growth rate varies remarkably in different provinces,which manifests the lower pattern in turn from east to west and central China. Moreover,this gap of TFP growth between regions still shows a trend of further expansion in regional tourism development efficiencies. Finally,in order to promote the transformation of growth mode and propel the high efficiency and sustainable development of the tourism industry in China,this paper puts forward the following suggestions based on the analysis results,i.e.,to optimize the ratio of the input factors,integrate the industrial chain of tourism,perfect the innovation system of tourism industry,accelerate technological progress,and make preferential policies for regional development,etc.

关 键 词：旅游业 数据包络分析 效率 全要素生产率 中国 

分 类 号：F224[经济管理—国民经济] F592