锌和铁缺乏对枳生理指标、矿物质含量及叶片超微结构的影响  

Effects of zinc-and iron deficiency on physiological indices,mineral contents,and leaf ultrastructure of Poncirus trifoliata.

作　　者：肖家欣[1,2] 齐笑笑[1] 张绍铃[2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学生命科学学院生物环境与生态安全安徽省高校省级重点实验室,安徽芜湖241000 [2]南京农业大学园艺学院,南京210095

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2010年第8期1974-1980,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金项目(070411004);中国博士后基金项目(20080430172);生物环境与生态安全安徽省高校省级重点实验室基金项目(2004sys003)资助

摘　　要：采用营养液培养法,研究了缺锌(0μmol.L-1Zn2+)、缺铁(0μmol.L-1Fe-EDTA)条件下柑橘砧木枳的生理胁迫反应.结果表明:1)锌、铁缺乏使枳生物量与根系活力均显著下降,叶片与根系中的SOD活性明显上升;叶片与根系中的POD活性在缺锌下显著增高,但在缺铁胁迫下显著降低;缺锌处理的根系CAT活性显著上升,但缺铁处理下的CAT活性与对照无显著差异.2)缺铁处理的根部K、Mg、P含量及缺锌处理的地上部K含量均显著降低;缺铁处理的根部和地上部Zn、Cu含量以及缺锌处理的根部Fe、Mn及地上部Mn含量均显著增高.3)叶肉细胞超微结构变化显著,缺铁胁迫下细胞器受损程度较重,如叶绿体、线粒体空泡化严重,叶绿体膜及类囊体片层模糊,质体小球明显增多,无淀粉粒;而缺锌处理时叶绿体基粒片层排列松散、数目明显减少,质体小球明显增多.By using hydroponics,this paper studied the physiological responses of trifoliate orange（Poncirus trifoliata） seedlings to the deficiency of zinc（0 μmol·L-1 Zn2＋） and/or iron（0 μmol·L-1 Fe-EDTA）.The deficiency of both Zn and Fe decreased the plant biomass and root viability,and increased the leaf-and root SOD activity significantly.Zinc deficiency increased the leaf-and root POD significantly,while Fe deficiency had an adverse effect.The root CAT activity increased significantly under Zn deficiency,but had less difference with the control under Fe deficiency.Fe-and Zn deficiency induced a significant decrease of root potassium（K）,magnesium（Mg）,and phosphorus（P） contents and of shoot K content,respectively,but resulted in a significant increase in the root-and shoot Zn and Cu contents and in the root Fe and Mn contents and shoot Mn content,respectively.Ultrastructural observation of leaf structure and chloroplast showed that under Fe deficiency,the organelle was damaged seriously,which was revealed by the vacuolization of chloroplast and mitochondria,vague chloroplast membrane and thylakoid lamella,drastic increase of platoglobuli number,and absence of starch grain in the chloroplast.Under Zn deficiency,the thylakoid lamella of chloroplast was loosely distributed with less lamella,but the platoglobuli number was increased.

关 键 词：锌 铁 枳 生理指标 矿物质含量 超微结构 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]