长期不同施肥制度对潮棕壤微生物生物量碳、氮及细菌群落结构的影响  

Effects of long-term fertilizations on microbial biomass C and N and bacterial community structure in an aquic brown soil.

作　　者：徐永刚[1,2] 宇万太[1] 马强[1] 周桦[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2010年第8期2078-2085,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2008BADA7B08和2007BAD8PB02)资助

摘　　要：以沈阳生态站长期定位试验为研究平台,采用传统氯仿熏蒸方法和现代PCR-DGGE技术探讨了长期不同施肥制度对土壤微生物生物量碳和氮及细菌群落结构的影响.结果表明:在整个试验期,土壤微生物生物量碳和氮的动态变化趋势基本相同;长期施用有机肥可显著提高土壤有机碳和土壤微生物生物量碳和氮含量,而长期施用化肥明显降低土壤pH,土壤微生物生物量碳和氮含量也显著降低.DGGE图谱表明:不同施肥处理的细菌16S rDNA多数条带分布相同,28条带中有18条为共有条带,说明潮棕壤中细菌类群较稳定,但其数量受到施肥的影响;长期施用有机肥促进潮棕壤细菌群落结构的多样性,而施用化肥处理则降低了其多样性.Taking a long-term field experiment on an aquic brown soil in the Shenyang Ecological Station of Chinese Academy of Sciences as a platform,the methods of traditional chloroform fumigation and modern PCR-DGGE were adopted to study the effects of different fertilizations on the changes of soil microbial biomass and bacterial community structure.During the whole period of the experiment,there was a similar trend in the dynamic changes of soil microbial biomass C and N.Long-term application of organic manure increased the soil organic C and the soil microbial biomass C and N significantly,while long-term application of chemical fertilizers had significant negative effects on the soil pH and soil microbial biomass C and N.The DGGE patterns showed that under different fertilizations,the majority of soil bacterial 16S rDNA bands were the same,18 of the 28 bands being common,suggesting that the bacterial populations in test soil were more stable,but their numbers were affected by different fertilizations.Long-term application of organic fertilizer could promote the diversity of the bacterial community structure in aquic brown soil,while the application of chemical fertilizers was in adverse.

关 键 词：微生物生物量碳、氮 细菌群落结构 多样性 DGGE 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]