北祁连造山带的形成与背景  

FORMATION AND TECTONIC BACKGROUND OF THE NORTHERN QILIAN OROGENIC BELT

作　　者：葛肖虹[1] 刘俊来[1] 

机构地区：[1]长春科技大学地球科学学院,长春130026

出　　处：《地学前缘》1999年第4期223-230,共8页Earth Science Frontiers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目

摘　　要：北祁连山是发育在新元古代大陆克拉通背景上的板内造山带，它的形成经历了三个构造发展阶段：（１） 早古生代是克拉通裂解的拗拉槽而不是大洋盆地，其西延部受阿尔金断裂左行错移约３５０ ～４００ ｋｍ ，对应于塔里木盆地北部的满加尔 阿瓦提坳陷，它们共同构成了“西域板块”之上的震旦纪 早古生代统一的拗拉槽，早古生代末“祁连事件”使拗拉槽闭合形成古祁连山。（２） 晚古生代 中三叠世古祁连山遭受夷平，作为新克拉通盆地的一部分，接受了稳定型沉积，中三叠世末由于羌塘板块碰撞的影响，引起了印支期的板内褶皱，但并未形成强烈的造山带。（３） 中生代 第三纪北祁连处于准平原化阶段。造山带最终形成于早更新世末的晚喜马拉雅运动，属于推覆造山，与整个青藏高原的隆升同步，它们都受控于印度板块与欧亚大陆板块的陆The northern Qilian orogenic belt is an intraplate orogenic belt formed on the basis of the Neoproterozoic craton.Three stages of tectonic evolution of the belt are recognized:(1)An oceanic trough,instead of an oceanic Basin was formed in the early Palaeozoic due to the break down of the craton.The western extension of the trough,corresponding to the Manjia'er Awati depression to the north of the Tarim Basin, is sinistrally displaced by the Altun fault zone for about 340 km, and they constitute one entire aulacogen in the early Palaeozoic.The “Qilian event” led to the closing of the aulacogen in late early Paleaozoic;(2) Planation of the Paleao Qilian Mountains and consequent stable sedimentation as a part of cratonic basin dominated in the late Palaeozoic Mid Triassic.The collision of the Qiangtang Plate at the end of the Mid Trassic resulted in the Indosinian intraplate folding,however,without the occurrence of orogenic belt;(3) From Mesozoic to Tertiary is a stage of peneplanation in North Qilian Mountains and the orogenic belt was finally formed as a result of nappe thrusting type mountain building process during the Late Himalayan tectonic movement at the latest Early Pleistocene,which is compatible with the uplifting of the Tibet Plateau.Both processes were controlled by the continent continent collision of the Indian Plate with the Eurasia Plates.

关 键 词：克拉通裂解 拗拉槽 祁连山西延 陆-陆碰撞 

分 类 号：P542.2[天文地球—构造地质学]