室内锈斑蟳幼体发育的形态观察  

Morphological observation on larval development of Charybdis feriatus reared in the laboratory

作　　者：廖永岩[1] 黄惠良[1] 王能钦[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学水产学院,广东湛江524025

出　　处：《热带海洋学报》2010年第4期138-147,共10页Journal of Tropical Oceanography

基　　金：广东省教育厅自然科学项目基金(040918)

摘　　要：为研究锈斑蟳幼体Charybdis feriatus发育,在实验室内孵化和培育锈斑蟳的幼体,并对锈斑蟳各期幼体进行观察。研究结果显示,锈斑蟳幼体发育共分两个阶段,分别为溞状幼体阶段和大眼幼体阶段。锈斑蟳整个幼体发育过程中共蜕皮7次,其中溞状幼体阶段蜕皮6次,大眼幼体阶段蜕皮1次。第1颚足和第2颚足外肢末端羽状刚毛数是进行溞状幼体分期的主要特征。第Ⅰ至Ⅵ期第1颚足外肢末端羽状刚毛数分别为4、6、8、9—10、13—14和15—16根;第2颚足外肢末端具羽状刚毛数分别为4、6、8、10—11、14—15和17—18根。在温度为28.5—29.5℃、盐度为30‰的培养条件下,锈斑蟳幼体发育时间(Z1、Z2、Z3、Z4、Z5和Z6分别表示溞状幼体的第Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ和Ⅵ期):Z1、Z2各为2—3d;Z3、Z4、Z5各为3d;Z6为3—4d;大眼幼体为4—5d。幼体从破膜孵出到变态为Ⅰ期幼蟹共需要20—23d。Charybdis feriatus larvae were reared in the laboratory and their morphological characteristics in each growth stage were observed in order to study their larval development.The results show that larval development of these C.feriatus can be divided into two stages,namely zoeal stage and megalopa stage.The larvae molt seven times during the whole development process,in which they molt six times in zoeal stage and once in megalopa stage.The numbers of natatory hairs increase after each molt,being 4,6,8,9-10,13-14 and 15-16 on the first maxillipeds,being 4,6,8,10-11,14-15 and 17-18 on the second maxillipeds in the first to sixth zoeae,respectively.The development of zoeae contains six stages： Z1,Z2,Z3,Z4,Z5,Z6,and the time span for each stage differs： 2-3 days for Z1 and Z2;3 days for Z3,Z4 and Z5;3-4 days for Z6.The development of megalopa contains one stage,and its larval development requires 4-5 days.It takes 20-23 days to complete the entire devel-opment process under temperature 28.5-29.5oC and salinity 30‰.

关 键 词：锈斑蟳 人工育苗 幼体发育 溞状幼体 大眼幼体 幼体发育时间 

分 类 号：P735.2[天文地球—海洋生物学]