施氮模式对冬小麦越冬期冻害和茎秆抗倒伏性能的影响  

Effects of Nitrogenous Fertilizer Application Pattern on Freeze Injury and Culm Lodging Resistance of Winter Wheat

作　　者：魏凤珍[1] 李金才[1,2] 屈会娟[1,2] 沈学善[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学农学院,安徽合肥230036 [2]河南农业大学国家小麦工程技术研究中心,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2010年第4期696-699,共4页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2009BADA6B03);国家粮食丰产科技工程项目(2006BAD02A06-19);安徽省自然科学基金项目(070411013)

摘　　要：以中筋高产小麦品种新麦18为试验材料,采用大田试验的方法,从土壤-小麦植株系统出发研究了3个梯度氮肥用量(180 kg/hm2、240 kg/hm2和300 kg/hm2)和3种基追比例(基肥∶拔节肥∶孕穗肥为3∶5∶2、基肥:拔节肥为5∶5和基肥∶拔节肥为7∶3)对冬小麦越冬期麦苗冻害和茎秆抗倒伏性能的影响。结果表明,施氮模式显著影响小麦抗冻能力和茎秆抗倒伏能力。基部第一、第二节间的节间长度和基部第二节间的含氮量均随施氮水平和基肥比例的增加而增加,基部第一、第二节间的节间粗度、秆壁厚度和节间充实度以及基部第二节间机械强度则表现相反。基部第二节间机械强度与其节间粗度、秆壁厚度、充实度呈极显著正相关,而与其氮含量呈极显著负相关。Xinmai 18（a high-yield and mid-gluten wheat cultivar）was used as material in the field experiment,to study the effects of nitrogenous fertilizer application pattern on freeze injury and culm lodging resistance of winter wheat.Nitrogen application rate treatment was set as 180 kg/hm2,240 kg/hm2 and 300 kg/hm2,ratios of base to topdressing as 3∶5∶2（base∶jointing∶booting）,5∶5（base∶jointing）,7∶3（base∶jointing）.The results showed that nitrogenous fertilizer application pattern significantly influenced resistance to freeze and lodging of winter wheat.The length of the first and second internode as well as total nitrogen content of the second internode increased with increment of nitrogen fertilizer amount and ratios of base to topdressing,while the outside diameter,thickness and filling of the first and second internode as well as the culm mechanical strength of the second internode showed inverse effects.The culm mechanical strength of the second internode had a significantly positive correlation with the outside diameter,thickness and filling,but was significantly negative with total nitrogen content.

关 键 词：冬小麦 施氮模式 冻害 茎秆抗倒伏性能 

分 类 号：S512.110.1[农业科学—作物学]