骶骨前间隙的应用解剖学  

Applied anatomy on presacral space

作　　者：胡玉超[1] 申晓军[2] 纪荣明[3] 刘艳春[3] 陆启兵[1] 杨程[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省沭阳县中医院肛肠外科,沭阳223600 [2]第二军医大学长海医院普外科,上海200433 [3]第二军医大学解剖学教研室,上海200433

出　　处：《解剖学杂志》2010年第4期521-523,共3页Chinese Journal of Anatomy

摘　　要：目的：为直肠手术防止伤及骶骨前间隙内的结构提供应用解剖学资料.方法：在20具成人盆部标本上测量骶骨前筋膜的厚度,观测骶前静脉、骶正中动脉、骶外侧动脉、骶横静脉的数目、位置,并测量其外径.结果：骶骨前筋膜的中点厚度为1.75mm.骶横静脉的中点外径：第1骶骨为4.0mm,第2骶骨为3.5mm,第3骶骨为1.6mm.骶骨前间隙位于骶尾骨的盆面与骶骨前筋膜之间.间隙内有骶前静脉、骶正中动脉、骶外侧动脉.同时观察了骶交感干及骶前神经节、盆内脏神经解剖位置等.结论：行直肠手术时应不破坏骶骨前筋膜,才能有效地保护骶骨前间隙内的诸结构,特别是第1、2、3的骶前静脉外径均在1.6mm以上,它们相互之间常吻成为骶前静脉丛,避免损伤,防止出血.Objective： To provide applied anatomic data to prevent injury in the presacral space during the operations on the rectum. Methods： Measurement of thickness of presacral fascia, as well as numbers, locations and external diameters of pre- sacral veins, median sacral arteries, lateral sacral arteries and sacral transverse veins were carried out. Results： Thickness of middle point of presacral fascia was 1.75 mm. External diameter at middle point of of sacral transverse veins： the first sacrum （4. 0 mm）, the second sacrum （3.5 mm）, the third sacrum （1.6 mm）. Conclusion： Presacral space was located between sacrococcygeal pelvic surface and presacral fascia, where contained structures such as sacral anterior veins, median sacral arteries, lateral sacral arteries, sacral sympathetic trunk, presacral ganglion and pelvic splanchnic nerves. During opera tions on rectum, the presacral fascia should be prevented from disrupting, avoiding massive hemorrhage from injury of pre- sacral venous plexus.

关 键 词：直肠 手术 骶骨前筋膜 骶骨前间隙 骶前静脉丛 应用解剖 

分 类 号：R323.1[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]