三峡库区木洞江段鱼类群落结构的季节变化  

Seasonal Dynamics of Fish Community in Mudong Section of the Three Gorges Reservoir of the Yangtze River, China

作　　者：杨少荣[1,2] 高欣[1] 马宝珊[3] 孔焰[4] 刘焕章[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所水生生物多样性与保护重点实验室,武汉430072 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]华中农业大学水产学院,武汉430070 [4]西南大学淡水鱼类资源与生殖发育教育部重点实验室,重庆400715

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2010年第4期555-560,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.40432003);中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(No.KZCX1-YW-08-01);国务院三峡工程建设委员会办公室生态环境项目(No.SX2007-019)资助~~

摘　　要：于2007年6月～2008年11月在三峡库区木洞江段逐月进行鱼类资源调查,分析三峡库区木洞江段鱼类群落特征的季节变化,并结合水文条件变化,评价鱼类群落结构变化与环境因子之间的关系.结果表明,采获的4739尾鱼类隶属于3目7科38种,其中圆口铜鱼(Coreius guichenoti)、瓦氏黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus vachelli)、宜昌鳅鮀(Gobiobotia filifer)、铜鱼(C.heterodon)、光泽黄颡鱼(P.nitidus)、蛇鮈(Saurogobio dabryi)为优势种,占总尾数的89.87%.Margalef丰富度指数(D)与Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H′)在夏季月份较高,其他月份较低,而Pielou均匀度指数(J′)相对较稳定.对主要物种进行聚类分析,10个主要物种被聚合为两大类群:定居种和季节性出现的物种.按月份聚类分析的结果表明三峡库区木洞江段鱼类群落结构季节性变化显著.水位和水温是影响该江段鱼类群落结构的主要环境因子.Based on the monthly investigation data of fish community and environmental factors in the Mudong section of the Three Gorges Reservoir of the Yangtze River, China from June 2007 to November 2008, the seasonal dynamics of fish community and the relationship between the community structures and environmental factors were studied. A total of 4 739 individuals were taxonomically identified, belonging to 38 species of 7 families in 3 orders. Of them, Coreius guichenoti, Pelteobagrus vachelli, Gobiobotia filifer, Coreius heterodon, Pelteobagrus nitidus, and Saurogobio dabryi were the dominant species, accounting for 89.87% of the total. Margalef index （D） and Shannon-Wiener index （H′） were higher in summer than in other seasons, and Pielou’s evenness index （J′） was stable through every month. The ten most common species were separated into two major groups, i.e., resident species and seasonal species. The cluster analysis of the monthly samples indicated a significant seasonal change in the fish community. The results showed that water temperature and water level had significant effects on this pattern. Fig6, Tab1, Ref22

关 键 词：三峡库区 木洞江段 鱼类群落结构 季节变化 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S931.1[农业科学—渔业资源]