氮肥减施在水稻-油菜轮作中的效应研究  

Effect of Reducing Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate in Rotation of Rice and Rape

作　　者：张乐平[1] 廖鸿昕[2] 刘德林[1] 邵赛[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省原子能农业应用研究所,湖南长沙410125 [2]湖南农业大学生物科学技术学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2010年第3期47-49,共3页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"973"项目资助(2007CB109308)

摘　　要：在传统施氮量的基础上减少20%,对水稻-油菜进行轮作。通过增施农家有机肥、分次施氮和施用缓释氮肥等措施可有效提高土壤中速效氮和植株中全量氮的含量,同时增加水稻和油菜的产量。试验结果表明:水稻和油菜以80%传统施氮量加20%有机氮肥处理效果最佳,其中水稻增产6.94%,油菜增产6.88%。随着生育期的延长,土壤中的速效养分及植株的全量养分逐渐降低,成熟后两种作物的氮、磷养分主要储存在子粒内,而钾则集中在茎秆内。Based on the traditional nitrogen fertilizer rate,20% nitrogen fertilizer rate was reduced to conduct rice and rape rotation experiment.Through applying measures,which were increasing organic fertilizer rate,split applying nitrogen fertilizer and applying slow release nitrogen fertilizer,to increase available nitrogen content in soil,total nitrogen content in plant and yield of rice and rape.The experimental results showed that when applying 80% traditional nitrogen rate combined with 20% organic nitrogen fertilizer,the effect was the best that rice yield increased by 6.94% and rape increased by 6.88%.With the extend of growing period,the available nutrients in soi1 and total nutrients in plant all decreased gradually;when rice and rape were ripeness,the nutrients that nitrogen and phosphorus in both crops were mostly stored in the grain,and the kalium nutrition in both crops was concentrated in the stem.

关 键 词：水稻 油菜 氮肥减施 施肥措施 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]