隐孢子虫抗原和蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫抗原的快速检测方法及临床应用  

A Rapid Immunoassay for Detection of Cryptosporidium Parvum and Giardia Lamblia Antigens in Human Stool and Its Application

作　　者：王厚芳[1] 柳杰[1] 于俊锋[1] 孙芾[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京和睦家医院中心实验室,北京100015

出　　处：《现代检验医学杂志》2010年第4期65-66,共2页Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine

摘　　要：目的 介绍一种可同时检测隐孢子虫抗原和蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫抗原的快速方法以便及早确诊病人腹泻原因,从而为临床提供良好的治疗依据.同时通过参加CAP能力比对试验对该方法进行了评价.方法 采用美国Meridian诊断试剂公司生产的Immuno Card STAT Crypto/Giardia试剂盒,对2 344份腹泻病人粪便标本进行隐孢子虫抗原和蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫抗原检测.所有标本均按标准方法采集并立即送往实验室按照标准操作规程进行测定.为评价该试剂质量,采用该试剂参加美国CAP能力比对试验,共比对了26份质控标本.结果 2 344例腹泻病人粪便标本中,隐孢子虫抗原阳性率为1.28%（30/2 344）;蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫抗原阳性率为1.58%（37/2 344）.63.3%（19/30）阳性隐孢子虫标本和73%（27/37）阳性蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫标本集中在夏秋季.隐孢子虫抗原阳性和蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫抗原阳性的病人主要分布在18～60岁青壮年,分别占70%（21/30）和73%（27/37）. 26份CAP质控标本中隐孢子虫抗原和蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫抗原阳性各7份,阴性各19份.采用该试剂盒检测所有质控标本两种抗原结果均与预期结果一致,没有出现一例假阳性或假阴性,灵敏度和特异度均为100%.结论 采用美国Meridian公司生产的快速免疫层析法试剂盒检测隐孢子虫抗原和蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫15 min内,可同时确定标本中是否有蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫或隐孢子虫两种病原体,有利于疾病的早期诊断、治疗和预防,防止社区/区域性流行.Objective To introduce a rapid method for detecting Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia lamblia antigens in human stool so that the patients with diarrhea could be diagnosed and treated early. In addition,the method was evaluated through CAP proficiency testing. Methods 2 344 stool specimens from patients and 26 CAP Proficiency testing samples with diarrhea were detected using the rapid Immuno Card STAT! Crypto/Giardia kit made in America. Results In patient samples,the positive rate of Cryptosporidiurn parvurn Ag was 1.28% （30/2 344） and Giardia lamblia Ag was 1.58%（37/ 2 344）. Most positive cases were seen in Summer-Autumn with Cryptosporidiurn parurn of 63.3%（19/30） and Giardia larnblia of 73% （27/37）. There were 7 positive Cryptosporidiurn parvurn Ag and 7 positive Giardia larnblia Ag in total 26 CAP proficiency testing samples. All results of CAP samples using this method showed identical with expected results. There was no any false positive and false negative result found. The sensitivity and specificity were all 100%. Conclusion The meridian rapid Crypto/Giardia Rapid Assay can define and distinguish the presence of Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia lamblia antigens at the same time in human stool within 15 rain,which helps early treatment and prevention,preventing from community or area endemics.

关 键 词：隐孢子虫 蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫 腹泻 

分 类 号：R373.13[医药卫生—病原生物学] R446.62[医药卫生—基础医学]