油漆和染发剂导致人体染色体畸变的分析:附2例首报染色体核型  

A clinical analysis of fetal chromosomal aberration induced by paint and hair dye

作　　者：谢军 刘彦慧[2] 黎丽芬[2] 吴亚敏[2] 

机构地区：[1]开封市中医院检验科,河南开封475001 [2]中山大学附属东华医院医学遗传实验室,广东东莞523110

出　　处：《南方医科大学学报》2010年第7期1651-1653,共3页Journal of Southern Medical University

摘　　要：目的分析一对夫妻长期从事油漆或染发职业对早期胚胎细胞染色体突变的作用,为预防不良妊娠和遗传缺陷儿出生积累临床资料。方法通过1例新生儿和1例妊娠21周胎儿染色体突变的临床和实验检测以及其父母双方血液相关指标的分析,探讨育龄期长期接触油漆或染发剂对早期胚胎细胞基因突变的影响。结果 1例新生儿和1例胎儿染色体均发生突变,核型分别是46,XX,del(2)(pter'q31)和46,XX,t(4;12;15),2例的父母亲染色体正常,但因长期接触油漆或染发剂而有头晕、头疼、失眠等症状,淋巴细胞微核发生率和血铅浓度均显著升高,并有白细胞、血小板和血红蛋白下降等。结论长期从事油漆或染发工作可引起机体中毒,母体中的有害物质通过胎盘而影响早期胚胎正常发育,最终可导致胚胎基因损伤和染色体突变,因此计划妊娠前后要注意脱离有害环境,或通过相关检查了解机体中毒状况,以减少不良妊娠的发生。Objective To analyze the effect of long-term exposure to paint or hair dye on chromosomal aberration of early embryos. Methods We analyzed 2 cases of fetal or infantile chromosome aberration in which the parents experienced long-term exposure to paint and hair dye. Result The chromosomal mutations were detected in one 3-month-old infant and one 21-week-old fetus, and the karyotypes were 46,XX,del（2）（pter＇q31） and 46,XX, t（4;12;15）, respectively. Their parents worked with long-term exposure to paint and hair dye and developed such symptoms as dizziness, headache, and insomnia. The chromosomes of the parents remained normal, but the micronuclei of the lymphocytes and plasma lead level were increased with decreased WBC, platelet, and HGB. Conclusion Long exposure to paint or hair dye can cause poison and affect the normal growth of early embryos, leading eventually to gene and chromosomal mutation of the embryos.

关 键 词：染色体突变 油漆 染发剂 

分 类 号：R131[医药卫生—劳动卫生]