污水生物脱氮革新工艺中强温室气体N_2O的产生及微观机理  

N_2O production and mechanism in recently developed biological nitrogen removal processes

作　　者：耿军军[1] 王亚宜[1] 张兆祥[1] 任中佳[1] 何维涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,上海200092

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2010年第9期1729-1738,共10页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(No.NCET-08-0404);上海市科技人才计划(No.09QA1406100);全国优秀博士学位论文作者专项基金(No.200756)~~

摘　　要：N2O是一种强温室气体,而污水处理已被报道是导致N2O产生的潜在人为源之一,且主要发生在生物脱氮的硝化和反硝化过程.本文立足于当前的污水脱氮热点工艺,如短程硝化反硝化、同步硝化反硝化、厌氧氨氧化和反硝化除磷,介绍了这些新工艺的反应机理,描述了它们在非稳态运行过程N2O的释放特征以及溶解氧(Dissolved Oxygen,DO)、NO 2-、自由氨(Free Ammonia,FA)、自由亚硝酸(Free Nitrous Acid,FNA)和进水COD/N等关键因子的影响作用,并进一步从微生物学和生物化学角度剖析了各工艺脱氮过程产生N2O的可能原因.在全球积极应对气候变暖趋势的大背景下,探明污水脱氮工艺N2O的释放本质,提出有效的减排控制方法,对于防止环境污染问题由水环境转移到大气环境具有重要意义.Nitrous oxide（N2O） is a serious greenhouse gas.Nitrification and denitrification in biological nitrogen removal processes are considered the major sources of N2 O in wastewater treatment.The mechanisms of the newer biological nitrogen removal processes,such as short-cut nitrification and denitrification,simultaneous nitrification and denitrification,anaerobic ammonium oxidation（ANAMMOX） and denitrifying phosphorus removal are illustrated in this work.Also,the N2O emissions under non-steady conditions for these nitrogen removal processes and the impacts of COD/N、DO and NO2-on the N2O production are introduced.The causes of N2O production during nitrogen removal are discussed from the point of view of microbiology and biochemistry.Since global warming is a serious problem,revealing the N2O emission mechanism and establishing efficient control strategies for these biological nitrogen removal processes are urgently needed to prevent the transfer of environmental pollution from the water environment to the atmosphere.

关 键 词：N2O 温室气体 短程硝化反硝化 同步硝化反硝化 厌氧氨氧化 反硝化除磷 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]