挑流水舌入水喷溅试验研究  

Experimental study of atomization and splashing caused by a ski-jump jet into scour pool

作　　者：刘昉[1] 练继建[1] 张晓军[1] 李成业[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学建筑工程学院,天津300072

出　　处：《水力发电学报》2010年第4期113-117,共5页Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金(50725929);国家自然科学重点基金(50539060);国家自然科学基金(50679052)

摘　　要：随着我国水利水电事业的发展,雾化问题受到人们越来越多的关注。本文以水利水电工程中出现的挑流泄洪雾化为研究对象,通过专项溅水模型试验研究,得到了泄洪雾化范围的雨强等值线图。在所得试验数据的基础上,应用线性最小二乘法推出雾化溅水区纵向范围的估算式,并分析了影响溅水区范围的一些主要因素,如水头、入水角、挑坎型式、水垫塘型式等。分析表明:水头对雾化范围影响最大、入水角次之、挑坎型式的影响最小,并且狭窄河谷中的雾化问题比宽阔河谷严重得多。这些研究成果对深入了解泄洪雾化机理、正确设计物理模型试验和设置数值模型参数有很重要的指导意义。Atomization attracts more and more attention along with the hydropower development.This paper presents an experimental study of the atomization and splashing caused by a ski-jump jet plunging into a scour pool.The isograms of rainfall intensity in the specially designed model test are measured,and by using these data an empirical formula for estimating splash range is derived with the linear least square method.An analysis is made on the major factors that affect the splashing range.The results show that in an order from the most to the least importance,these factors can be listed as water head,jet plunge angle,plunge pool type and flip bucket type.Furthermore atomization depends on the width of the river cross section,and the atomization in a narrow gorge is more serious than that in a wider gorge.The present work sheds some light on the atomization mechanism and the results may be used to improve model test design and numerical calculation.

关 键 词：水力学 泄洪雾化 溅水试验 溅水区范围 雾化机理 

分 类 号：TV135.29[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]