气泡雾化细水雾灭油盘火的试验研究与机理分析  

Experimental study and mechanism analysis of pool fire suppression by effervescent-atomized water mist

作　　者：徐方[1] 魏东[1] 魏星[2] 王平[3] 安翠[3] 

机构地区：[1]武警学院消防指挥系,河北廊坊065000 [2]西安市消防支队,西安710015 [3]武警学院研究生队,河北廊坊065000

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2010年第4期145-152,共8页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：公安部应用创新计划项目(2009yycxwjxy109)

摘　　要：为研究气泡雾化细水雾灭火的机理和影响因素,利用自行研制的气泡雾化细水雾系统进行了以汽油油盘火为火源的灭火试验,改变气泡雾化细水雾喷头的压力和流量,记录不同工况下的灭火时间、火焰温度、辐射热和火焰形态的变化,对气泡雾化细水雾的灭火过程进行分类,分析各类灭火过程的主要灭火机理和压力与流量对灭火有效性的影响规律。结果表明,气泡雾化细水雾针对汽油油盘火具有良好的火火效果,其灭火过程可分为瞬时灭火、短时间灭火和长时间灭火3种类型,每种类型的灭火过程有不同的主要灭火机理。A series of pool fire suppression experiments were performed by using a new effervescent-atomized water mist fire protection system, and the extinguishing mechanisms as well as the factors that affect the water mist performance were studied. Effervescent atomization is a new atomization technology that was recently introduced into fire fighting area and it is used in generating water mist. In this paper, a new effervescent atomized water mist fire protection system was developed and the fire suppression experiments were conducted. The experiments were performed in a space of 9 m × 9 m × 4 m use a manner of local application. The nozzle was fixed at 2.0 m height from the pool and the water mist was sprayed vertically down to the pool fire. The pool fire was a 36 cm-diameter round gasoline pan with fire power 130 kW and pre-ignition time of 90 s. The nozzle was operated with compressed nitrogen and water, so the water flow rate was different in the same water jet pressure due to different gas-liquid ratio. During the experiments, the jet pressure and the flow rate of water were varied. The range of nozzle pressure was from 1.1 MPa to 0.5 MPa and 6 - 8 water flow rate were carried out for each pressure. The shape, temperature and radiation flux density of the flame and the fire extinguishment time was recorded. The results show that the pool fire can be put out by effervescent-atomized water mist in a very short time under specific conditions. According to the results the extinguishments can be classified into four types： instantaneous, short time, long time and unsuccessful. The main extinguishing mechanism of each type was different. The main extinguishing mechanism of the instantaneous extinguishment was blowing out, while the short time extinguishment was the combination of blowing out and cooling. For the long time extinguishing, the mechanism was only caused by cooling. The experiment results also show that when the pressure is decreased, the range of the water flow rate for successful and rapid fire extin

关 键 词：安全工程 消防 气泡雾化 细水雾 灭火机理 

分 类 号：TU998.1[建筑科学—市政工程]