云南铁壳麦、地方和历史小麦品种的遗传多样性比较  

A Comparative Study of Genetic Diversity of Yunnan Hulled Wheat,Yunnan Landraces and Historical Cultivars Using SSR Markers

作　　者：刘丽[1] 勾宇宏[1] 于亚雄[1] 杨金华[1] 程家省[1] 胡银星[1] 程耿[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,昆明650205

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第8期1-7,共7页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30760119);国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2006BAD01A02-25);云南省重点基金资助项目(2008CD010);云南省麦类科技攻关UQEG资助项目(2006NG10);云南省自然科学基金资助项目(2008CD180)

摘　　要：遗传多样性研究对于小麦育种具有重要意义.该研究用20对SSR引物比较分析了云南铁壳麦、地方品种和历史品种的遗传差异.在37份云南铁壳麦、35份地方品种和30份历史品种中,分别检测到42,47和40个等位变异,每一个SSR引物分别检测到1～3,1～5和1～3个等位变异,平均分别为2.1,2.4和2.0个;云南铁壳麦、地方品种和历史品种的平均Neis基因多样性指数(He)分别为0.246(0～0.401),0.231(0～0.414)和0.244(0～0.495).用20对SSR引物计算了云南铁壳麦、地方品种和历史品种群体内及其群体间的遗传距离(GD)和平均遗传距离,结果显示云南铁壳麦和历史品种的遗传多样性要高于地方品种,而地方品种与历史品种之间具有较近的亲缘关系.聚类分析结果也表明云南地方品种和历史品种的亲缘关系较近,两者与云南铁壳麦的亲缘关系相对较远.云南小麦育种应加强更广泛的种质资源引进、创新及利用.A total of 20 SSR （Simple Sequence Repeats） primer pairs were employed to detect genetic diversity in 102 accessions and cultivars of Yunnan hulled wheat （Triticum aestivum ssp. yunnanense King）,Yunnan landraces and historical cultivars. Totally,42,47 and 40 allelic variations were detected among 37 accessions of Yunnan hulled wheat,35 Yunnan landraces and 30 Yunnan historical cultivars,respectively. 1-3,1-5 and 1-3 allelic variations were detected per SSR marker at different SSR loci,averaging 2.1,2.4 and 2.0 in Yunnan hulled wheat,Yunnan landraces and Yunnan historical cultivars,respectively. The averages of Nei＇s gene diversity （He） of Yunnan hulled wheat,Yunnan landraces and Yunnan historical cultivars were 0.246 （0-0.401）,0.231 （0-0.414） and 0.244 （0-0.495）,respectively. The genetic distance （GD） indexes within Yunnan hulled wheat,Yunnan landraces,and historical cultivars and between different wheat types were calculated. The GD value was found to be much higher within Yunnan hulled wheat and historical cultivars than within Yunnan landraces,but the GD value between Yunnan landraces and historical cultivars was lower than those between Yunnan hulled wheat and Yunnan landraces,and between Yunnan hulled wheat and historical cultivars. Cluster analysis indicated a closer relationship between Yunnan landraces and historical cultivars than that between Yunnan hulled wheat and Yunnan landraces or between Yunnan hulled wheat and historical cultivars. Therefore,more alien elite genetic resources should be explored in the current programs of Yunnan wheat breeding.

关 键 词：小麦 云南铁壳麦 地方品种 历史品种 SSR标记 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]