银杏雄株花粉特征观察与分类研究  

Characteristics and classification of the pollens of male Ginkgo biloba L.trees

作　　者：李卫星[1] 于建友[1] 陈鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学园艺与植物保护学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2010年第2期59-63,共5页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK2008213);江苏省林业科技三项工程项目(LXSX(2008)02)

摘　　要：连续2年采集分布在江苏省的89株银杏雄株的花序,通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜观察银杏雄株花粉,探讨银杏雄株种质资源的分类情况。结果表明:①银杏雄株花粉表面纹饰主要表现为4种类型,即球珠镶嵌型、贝甲镶嵌型、线纹镶嵌型和弧纹镶嵌型。②银杏雄株花粉壁厚度为0.861～1.076μm,外壁厚度是内壁的2～6倍。③经对花粉形状指数进行三元变量系统聚类分析,供试雄株可分为4种类型,与花粉形状指数的分类数相同,Ⅰ类4株,Ⅱ类34株,Ⅲ类47株,Ⅳ类4株,证明雄株间花粉表面纹饰和壁厚度性状指标存在显著或极显著差异。In this study,the inflorescences of 89 male plants of Ginkgo biloba L.from Jiangsu Province were collected consecutively for two years,and the pollens were observed with the optical microscope,scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope to invstigate classification of male plants.The results indicated as follows： ① The external veins of pollen could be classified into four types： mosaic spherical pearl-like;mosaic conch-like,mosaic lineolatus-like and mosaic curve-like.② Thickness of pollen wall,in which the thickness of exine was 2-6 times that of intine,was 0.861-1.076 μm.③ After 3-variate cluster analysis on the index of pollen shape,the experimental male plants in this study could be divided into four types,in which the first,second,third and fourth type included 4,34,47 and 4 plants respectivly.The differences of external veins and wall thickness of pollens were significant or extremely significant among the male Ginkgo plants.The above results provide a theoretical basis and technological support for the classification of germplasm resources,optimizing allocation,and comprehensive utilization of male plants in Ginkgo biloba L.

关 键 词：银杏 雄株花粉 扫描电镜观察法 透射电镜法 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S664.3[农业科学—果树学]