孝感方言中带句尾成分“它”的主观意愿句  

On the Imperative Construction Ended with "ta(它)" in Xiaogan Dialect

作　　者：殷何辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学文学院,100872

出　　处：《汉语学报》2010年第3期51-59,共9页Chinese Linguistics

摘　　要：孝感方言中带有句尾成分"它"的主观意愿句涉及以下四种句式:表示处置的"把"字句;兼语句和"把"字句套合而成的结构;兼语句;一般主谓句。文章通过对比孝感方言中与这种结构相对应的句尾无"它"的形式,分析了这种结构的句法限制和语义表达功能,认为孝感方言中句尾有"它"的这种结构在语义上都是表示祈使或命令的主观意愿,而相应的句尾无"它"的结构则用来陈述事实。文章还从方言共性的角度,讨论了"它"的性质以及由此引发的一些问题,提出了"它"是由第三人称单数代词虚化而来的语气助词的假设。The imperative construction ended with'ta(它)'in Xiaogan dialect falls into four patterns:disposal'ba(把)'structure,compound structure conjoining'ba(把)'clause to pivotal structure,subject-predict structure,and pivotal structure.By comparing them with the corresponding forms without'ta(它)',and analyzing the syntactic constraints on the construction and the semantic functions of the construction,the article argues that those structures all convey the speaker's imperative will,while the corresponding forms without'ta(它)'are used to make statements.The article also discusses the property of the particle'ta(它)'and some relevant issues from the point of universality of Chinese dialects,and put forward the hypothesis that'ta(它)'is a modal particle resulting from the grammaticalization of the singular form of third personal pronoun.

关 键 词：句尾成分 “它” 主观意愿 代词 虚化 语气助词 

分 类 号：H17[语言文字—汉语]