旅游开发背景下世居少数民族社区边缘化——海南三亚六盘黎族安置区案例  

On the Marginalization of Ethnic Minority Community under the Backdrop of Tourism Development——A Case Study of Liupan Li Nationality Resettlement Area,Sanya,Hainan

作　　者：刘俊[1] 楼枫烨[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学旅游系,广东广州510631

出　　处：《旅游学刊》2010年第9期44-50,共7页Tourism Tribune

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(70703012)~~

摘　　要：本文运用深度访谈、参与式观察等质性研究方法研究发现,少数民族社区参与旅游发展的意识和能力并不是与生俱来的,而是受到社区传统文化、就业心理、受教育程度等因素的影响和制约。案例社区相对保守的就业心理和落后的受教育水平是其在旅游大开发进程中日益边缘化的重要原因。在没有外来制度干预下,社区就业心理转变和就业能力提高都将是一个缓慢的过程,案例社区在旅游大开发过程中日益边缘化的趋势难以改变。"国际旅游岛"发展战略的实施将对海南少数民族社区带来更大的压力和挑战,需要转变过往以"度假酒店+地产+高尔夫"的飞地旅游发展模式,政府应积极引导和扶持以本地少数民族为主体的社区旅游项目,为少数民族社区提供必要的政策支持、技术援助和利益保障机制,使作为利益攸关方的东道社区能够有效获得旅游发展带来的利益。Based upon in-depth interviews and study method of participant observation,we find that the awareness and capability of ethnic community involving in tourism development are not inborn,but influenced and restricted by such factors as their traditional culture,employment psychology and educational background.Relatively conservative employment psychology and poor education are major reasons leading to their marginalization in the process of tourism development.Without the intervention of external system,the transformation of employment psychology and capability for employment in the community will be a slow process,so the trend of marginalization will remain unchanged.The implementation of the development strategy of＂international tourism island＂will bring more pressure and challenge to Hainan ethnic community.The tourism development mode of ＂resort hotels ＋ real estate ＋ golf ＂ needs to be transformed.The government should guide and support community tourism items with local ethnic people as main part,provide policy support,technical assistance and guarantee mechanism so that host community as stakeholders can effectively get benefits brought up by tourism development.

关 键 词：少数民族 边缘化 六盘黎族安置区 海南三亚 国际旅游岛 

分 类 号：F592.7[经济管理—旅游管理]