表征复合型有机污染场地土壤污染程度的生态指标研究  

Ecological indicators indicating soil pollution in a compound organic contaminated site

作　　者：马晋荣[1] 占新华[1] 周立祥[1] 张胜田[2] 林玉锁[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学资源与环境学院环境工程系,江苏南京210095 [2]环境保护部南京环境科学研究所,江苏南京210042

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2010年第4期69-74,共6页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：国家863计划项目(2007AA061101;2009AA063103)

摘　　要：以江苏吴江某复合型有机污染场地土壤为材料,用盆栽黑麦草出苗率和生长一段时期的生物量作为土壤可种植性的标准,通过对比分析不同污染程度场地土壤过氧化氢酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶、多酚氧化酶活性和小麦发芽指数以筛选可用于复合型有机污染场地土壤污染程度指示的灵敏生态指标。结果表明:土壤多酚氧化酶活性和小麦发芽指数可以灵敏表征该复合型有机污染场地土壤污染的程度,且与土壤可种植性存在显著相关关系,其中多酚氧化酶活性与黑麦草出苗率和生物量的相关系数分别为-0.956和-0.938(n=7);小麦发芽指数与出苗率和生物量的相关系数分别为0.936和0.755(n=7);若以黑麦草发芽率大于80%,出苗率大于50%,生长11d株高大于4cm作为土壤对植物生长无害的标准,则对应的土壤多酚氧化酶活性应小于0.8mg·g-1,小麦发芽指数应大于110%。Catalase,urease,sucrase,polyphenol oxidase activities and wheat germination index of the soil with different concentration of organic pollutants from a compound organic contaminated site in Wujiang were determined to select eco-toxicological indicators to quickly characterize the level of contamination,which was based on the soil arability characterized by the emergence rate and biomass in the observation period of ryegrass.It was found that in the tested compound organic contaminated site,the polyphenol oxidase activity and wheat germination index could be used to describe the degree of soil pollution because they were closely related to soil arability.The high correlation coefficients were observed of-0.956 and-0.938 between the polyphenol oxidase activity and ryegrasss emergence rate or biomass,respectively.The correlation coefficients between wheat germination index and emergence rate was 0.936,the one between wheat germination index and plant biomass was 0.755.If taking 80% or more of ryegrass germination percentage,over 50% of emergence rate and more than 4 cm of the height of ryegrass growing for 11 d as standard for soil with lower toxicity,polyphenol oxidase activity should be less than 0.8 mg·g-1 soil and wheat germination index should be larger than 110%.

关 键 词：复合型有机污染场地 土壤可种植性 生态指标 多酚氧化酶 小麦发芽指数 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]