Identification and Comparison of Aircraft Industry Clusters in China and United States  

作　　者：CHU Bo ZHANG Hua JIN Fengjun 

机构地区：[1]Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beo'ing 100101, China [2]School of Geography, Beo'ing Normal University, Beij'ing 100875, China [3]Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

出　　处：《Chinese Geographical Science》2010年第5期471-480,共10页中国地理科学（英文版）

基　　金：Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.40635026,40801050);Knowledge Innovation Programs of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.KZCXZ-YW-Q10-4)

摘　　要：Aircraft industry is very important to the economy and security of a country,and aircraft industry clusters have already existed in the world.Based on Input-Output data and Czamanski's method,the aircraft industry clusters in China and USA were identified quantitatively in this paper.Furthermore,this article carried out comparison analyses of the identification results.The research finds out:1) a mature aircraft industry cluster would be generally composed of 7 industrial subgroups,including aircraft industry,metal making and products manufacturing industry,machinery and equipment industry,electronics industry,automobile industry,material industry and others,and electronics industrial subgroup will play a more and more important role in the cluster;2) in the range of industry-covering,the level of industry-linkage,and the economic performance,there is a tremendously large gap between the aircraft industry cluster of China and that of USA;3) the spatial evolution of these clusters or centers is highly consistent with the diffusion of a country's industrialization.Finally,based on those findings,the paper gives some advice on how to improve Czamanski's method and what China should do to develop its own competitive aircraft industry:1) China should employ institutional innovation,and turn to be market-oriented;2) China should abandon the traditional pattern of closed-development,and strengthen the interaction and collaboration between aircraft industry and related industries,especially the electronics industry;3) China should rectify and perfect its spatial development planning of aircraft industry.Aircraft industry is very important to the economy and security of a country, and aircraft industry clusters have already existed in the world. Based on Input-Output data and Czamanski＇s method, the aircraft industry clusters in China and USA were identified quantitatively in this paper. Furthermore, this article carried out comparison analyses of the identification results. The research finds out： 1） a mature aircraft industry cluster would be generally composed of 7 industrial subgroups, including aircraft industry, metal making and products manufacturing industry, machinery and equipment industry, electronics industry, automobile industry, material industry and others, and electronics industrial subgroup will play a more and more important role in the cluster; 2） in the range of industry-covering, the level of industry-linkage, and the economic performance, there is a tremendously large gap between the aircraft industry cluster of China and that of USA; 3） the spatial evolution of these clusters or centers is highly consistent with the diffusion of a country＇s industrialization. Finally, based on those findings, the paper gives some advice on how to improve Czamanski＇s method and what China should do to develop its own competitive air- craft industry： 1） China should employ institutional innovation, and turn to be market-oriented; 2） China should abandon the traditional pattern of closed-development, and strengthen the interaction and collaboration between aircraft industry and related industries, especially the electronics industry; 3） China should rectify and perfect its spatial development planning of aircraft industry.

关 键 词：aircraft industry industry cluster Czamanski＇s method INPUT-OUTPUT 

分 类 号：F062.9[经济管理—政治经济学] V355[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]