借助系绳实现卫星对异面轨道捕获  

Orbital capture using space tether technology

作　　者：何勇[1] 梁斌[1] 李成[1] 徐文福[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学空间智能系统研究所,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（工学版）》2010年第5期1448-1453,共6页Journal of Jilin University:Engineering and Technology Edition

基　　金：'863'国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2005AA745060)

摘　　要：卫星对异面轨道捕获是通过燃料的消耗来实现的,然而燃料是不可再生的。针对这一问题,研究了借助系绳实现卫星对异面轨道捕获的方法。首先,根据系统动力学模型,推导出系绳剪断瞬间主星和子星的位置和速度的数学表达式,并提出实现卫星轨道面改变的必要条件。其次,定性地分析了系绳参数对轨道倾角变化的影响。最后,结合仿真实例对轨道倾角的变化进行了定量分析。结果表明:系绳面外摆角的角速率是影响轨道倾角变化的主要因素,且其值越大,轨道倾角的变化值越大,然而轨道倾角变化值的增加会造成系绳拉力的变大,因此当此方法用于实现卫星的大倾角机动时,还需考虑系绳的拉力对轨道倾角变化的限制。The current method of orbital capture is at the cost of propellant, but the propellant is a scarce and irreproducible commodity on board. To resolve this problem, the method of using space tether technology for orbital capture is studied. First, according to system dynamic model, the formulas of the orbit positions and velocities of the master-satellite and sub-satellite are derived; the necessary conditions to realize the change of satellite orbit plane are proposed. Then, the effect of the tether parameters on orbit inclination is analyzed qualitatively. Finally, employing simulation cases, the change of the orbit inclination is analyzed quantitatively. Results show that the effect of the out-of-plane angular velocity on the inclination is more obvious than other tether parameters, the bigger the angular velocity, the more the inclination changes. But the tether tension increases with the inclination; thus the constraint of the of tether force on the orbit inclination should be considered.

关 键 词：绳系卫星系统 轨道捕获 轨道参数 轨道倾角 

分 类 号：V47[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]