北京城区综合性医院护士职业倦怠影响因素的追踪研究  

Follow-up study on the influence factors of nurses' job burnout in general hospitals in urban areas in Beijing

作　　者：周荣慧[1] 呼滨[2] 丁炎明[3] 燕云[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学第二附属医院 [2]北京市第六医院 [3]北京大学第一医院

出　　处：《中国护理管理》2010年第9期27-30,共4页Chinese Nursing Management

基　　金：首都医学发展基金项目(2007-3128)

摘　　要：目的:了解综合性医院护士职业倦怠发生及影响因素的动态变化。方法:采用整群抽样方法,对2006-2009年北京城区综合医院1630名护士的职业倦怠、工作满意度、社会支持等进行追踪调查。结果:①2009年高学历、高收入、愿意从事护理工作的人数高于2006年;②2009年倦怠状况好于2006年,高度倦怠发生率在EE、DP维度下降,PA没有变化;③精神质人格、神经质人格、工作性质、工作期望、人际关系应激、支持、交谈、年龄是护士职业倦怠发生率的影响因素;④倦怠组血液皮质醇含量高于非倦怠组。结论:①护士职业倦怠状况明显改善;②重视人格特征对护士职业倦怠的影响;③积极推进护士群体的支持性团体建设。Objective： To study the trend and influence factors of nurses＇ job burnout in general hospitals. Methods： Totally 1630 nurses from eight general hospitals in urban areas in Beijing were surveyed using Maslach-Burnout Inventory-General Survey, Locker Satisfaction Questionnaire, Social Support Scale, Nurse Stress Scale and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire from 2006 to 2009. Results： There were more nurses with high education background, high income, willing to be nurses in 2009 comparing to 2006. The incidence of job burnout in 2009 was lower than that in 2006. The incidence of high EE and DP was down and PA was steady from 2006 to 2009. The influence factors were psychoticism, neuroticism, nature of work, job expectations, interpersonal stress, social support, communication and age. Nurses with job burnout had a high level of blood cortisol than those without job burnout. Conclusion： The situation of nurses＇ burnout in Beijing was improving. It should pay more attention to the influence of personality on job burnout, and peer support construction should be put forward.

关 键 词：职业倦怠 追踪研究 皮质醇 人格特征 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]