耕作方式对成熟期烤烟质体色素及其降解产物含量的影响  

Chromoplast Pigment and Its Degraded Products in Flue-cured Tobacco with Different Tillage Systems during Mature Period

作　　者：孟祥东[1] 赵铭钦[1] 李元实[2] 孙国伟[2] 韩福根[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地,郑州450002 [2]吉林烟草工业有限责任公司,吉林延吉133001

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2010年第8期1660-1666,共7页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：吉林省烟草工业有限责任公司重大科技攻关项目(JY2006012)

摘　　要：以烤烟（Nicotiana tobacum L.）品种吉烟9号为材料,通过田间定位试验研究了6种耕作方式下成熟期烤烟质体色素及降解产物含量的变化规律,以揭示耕作方式影响烤烟品质的原因.结果表明：不同耕作方式之间烤烟叶绿素含量存在显著差异（P〈0.05）,且均显著低于传统耕作方式（对照）,其叶绿素降解产物新植二烯的含量均显著高于对照（P〈0.05）,并以深耕＋前膜后草覆盖处理最高,是对照的153.84%.在不同覆盖条件下各耕作方式的烟叶类胡萝卜素含量与对照相比则呈增加趋势,其类胡萝卜素降解产物总量显著高于对照（P〈0.05）,并以深耕＋前膜后草覆盖处理最高,是传统耕作方式的158.61%;深耕＋前膜后草覆盖处理的类胡萝卜素主要降解产物β-大马酮、巨豆三烯酮、香叶基丙酮、二氢猕猴桃内酯、法尼基丙酮的含量均较其他5个耕作方式高,该处理这些降解产物含量分别比对照显著增加47.55%、51.24%、47.54%、21.01%、56.65%（P〈0.05）.可见,深耕＋前膜后草覆盖促进延边烟区烤烟叶片叶绿素的降解,维持较高的类胡萝卜素及其降解产物的含量,有效提高烤烟品质,是该烟区较佳的烤烟耕作模式.The tillage experiments were established in YanBian city,Jilin province during 2007～2008.The chromoplast pigment and its degraded products of flue-cured tobacco were detected.The content of chromoplast pigment and its degraded products of flue-cured tobacco under different tillage systems were compared.The effects of 6 different tillage systems on chromoplast pigment and its degraded products of flue-cured tobacco（Nicotiana tobacum L.）were studied during mature period.The result showed that differences of the chlorophyll content among the different tillage systems were obviously different（P〈0.05）,and were significantly lower than that with conventional tillage（CK）.The contents of products degraded by Neoplytadiene were significantly higher than that of CK（P〈0.05）.The deep-plough with straw mulching after film uncovered was the highest and was 153.84% of CK.Under the condition of the different coverage,different tillage systemss of tobacco,the content of carotenoid tended to increase compared with CK.Total carotenoid degradation products were significantly higher than that of CK（P〈0.05）.The deep-plough with straw mulching after film uncovered was the highest and was 153.84% of the conventional tillage.The content of most carotenoid degrading productions under deep-plough with straw mulching after film uncovered,β-damascenone,megastigmatrienone,geranylacetone,dihydroactinidiolide and farnesylacetone,were the highest among the six tillage systems,increasing by 47.55%,51.24%,47.54%,21.01%,56.65%,respectively,compared with CK.The difference were significantly（P〈0.05）.Therefore,the deep-plough with straw mulching after film uncovered could promote the degradation of chlorophyll,maintain a high content of carotenoid and products degraded by it and improve the quality of flue-cured tobacco.It is a kind of better farming methods in Yanbian tobacco-growing area.

关 键 词：耕作方式 烤烟 质体色素 降解产物 

分 类 号：Q945.79[生物学—植物学]