套袋对苹果发育过程中果皮色素及果肉糖含量的影响  

Changes of Peel Pigments and Flesh Sugar Contents in Bagging Malus pumila during Development Stage

作　　者：夏静[1] 章镇[1] 吕东[1] 渠慎春[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2010年第8期1675-1680,共6页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2008AA10Z157);江苏省科技支撑项目(BE2008316)

摘　　要：以富士苹果‘长富2号’品系为试材,研究了套袋后果实生长发育过程中果皮色素含量、果肉糖含量及取袋后果皮色素、糖含量和PAL活性等品质形成因子的变化规律。结果显示：套用双层纸袋能显著降低红富士苹果果皮叶绿素含量,并以叶绿素a降低幅度较大,且与总叶绿素含量呈基本一致的下降变化趋势,而果皮类胡萝卜素降低幅度较小;果皮的花青苷含量取袋前显著低于对照,取袋后迅速上升,并在取袋后6 d超过对照,采收时超过对照1倍以上;果实PAL酶活性取袋后呈先升后降的趋势,取袋后4 d活性超过对照,取袋后6 d活性达到最高值;套袋不同程度地降低了果实可溶性总糖和还原糖含量,取袋后可溶性总糖、果糖和葡萄糖含量上升,蔗糖含量在取袋后4 d内迅速上升而后下降,但套袋果始终低于对照果。研究表明,套袋可以显著降低果皮中叶绿素的含量,促进花青苷积累,从而减少叶绿素对果实着色的干扰,提高果实外观品质,但同时也部分减少了果实总糖的含量,对果实内在品质有一定负面影响。The experiment was proceeded with ＇Fuji Nagafu No.2＇ apple（Malus pumila Mill.）as material,the contents of peel pigments and flesh sugar were measured after bagging;The regularities of quality factors as pigment,sugar and PAL activity were investigated after debagging.The results were indicated as follows：under the double paper bag there was a distinct decline for the content of chlorophyll,Chl.a was decreased more than the total chlorophyll.The decreased range was less for the carotenoid content,which was more advantageous to the fruit coloring.The content of peel anthocyanin was notably less than that of control,but increased quickly and was higher than that of control after 4～6 days of bags removed.The final anthocyanin content of bagged fruit was twice more than the controls.PAL activity decreased firstly and then increased after bags removed.After 4 days of bags removed,PAL activity was higher than that of control and it reached the highest after 6 days of bags removed.The total soluble and reducing sugar decreased for the bagged ones.Although lower than the control,there was a remarkable increase for the contents of total soluble sugar,fructose and glucose.Sucrose content was increased immediately after 4 days of bags removal,which was declined later.In conclusion,the content of peel chlorophyll was decreased notably after bagging,which was beneficial for the fruit.But the fruit quality was affected since the total sugar was declined partially.

关 键 词：红富士苹果 套袋 叶绿素 花青苷 糖 

分 类 号：Q945.79[生物学—植物学]