南京对流降水和闪电的TRMM资料分析  

Analysis of convective precipitation and lightning in Nanjing district by TRMM satellite

作　　者：张祎[1,2] 王振会[1,2] 肖稳安[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学气象灾害省部共建教育部重点实验室,南京210044 [2]南京信息工程大学大气物理学院,南京210044

出　　处：《气象科学》2010年第4期468-474,共7页Journal of the Meteorological Sciences

基　　金：公益性行业科研专项(GYHY200806014)

摘　　要：用热带降雨测量卫星的测雨雷达2A25产品、微波成像仪1B11产品和闪电成像仪观测资料分析了2007—2008年南京及周边地区五个对流降水云系的降水结构、微波亮温和闪电特性。结果表明,当对流降水云系处于发展阶段时,对流降水是降水量的主要贡献者;而当对流降水云系处于成熟或者逐渐消亡阶段时,对流降水就逐渐向层云降水转变,此时降水量主要由层云降水产生。两种类型降水在降水强度、雨顶高度存在显著区别。微波亮温与近地面2 km处的降水强度呈负相关,基本能反映出近地面的降水强度,尤其是在对流系统的成熟和消散阶段。37.0 GHz亮温最能指示近地表的降水强度。近地面2 km处的降水强度均随闪电次数的增加而增强。Precipitation structure,microwave brightness temperature and lightning characteristics of five convective precipitation clouds in Nanjing area during 2007—2008 are studied via the precipitation radar,microwave imager and lightning imaging sensor.The result shows that convective precipitation is the main contributor to the precipitation when convective cloud is at developing stage.While at mature or dissipating stage,convective precipitation is changing into stratiform precipitation,and the latter results in a large proportion of the total precipitation.As far as precipitation rate and rain-top-height are concerned,the convective precipitation is quite different from the stratiform one.There exists a negative correlation between microwave brightness temperature and 2 km altitude precipitation rate,so it is possible to infer the near-surface precipitation rate,especially at mature or dissipating stage.Furthermore,the 37.0 GHz brightness temperature has a better response to the 2 km altitude precipitation rate.At last,precipitation rate at 2 km altitude increases as the lightning times increases.

关 键 词：降水 微波亮温 闪电 

分 类 号：P427.32[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]