供水吸力对温室盆栽黄瓜产量与品质的影响  

Influence of Water Supply Tension on Yield and Quality of Potted Cucumber in Greenhouse

作　　者：李邵[1,2] 薛绪掌 郭文善[2] 张伟娟 张敏 陈菲 

机构地区：[1]国家农业智能装备工程技术研究中心,北京100097 [2]扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《园艺学报》2010年第8期1339-1344,共6页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家‘863’项目(2010AA10A301);北京市农业科技示范推广项目;扬州大学研究生培养创新工程项目

摘　　要：采用负水头供水控水盆栽装置,通过设定不同的供水吸力(1、3、5、7、9、11和13kPa)稳定控制温室盆栽黄瓜的土壤水分值,研究其对黄瓜产量与品质的影响。结果表明:黄瓜单株产量、水分利用效率与商品率都随着供水吸力的增加先增加后减少,单株产量和商品率分别在3～9kPa和3～5kPa处理内达到最高;但3～13kPa处理内水分利用效率无显著差异。不同处理的果实含水量和比质量无显著差异,除1kPa处理的果实长、单果质量和果皮总色素含量显著较低外,其它各处理差异不显著。3～5kPa处理的果实单宁含量显著高于7～13kPa处理,但可溶性固形物、维生素C含量显著低于7～13kPa处理,3～7kPa处理范围的果实硝酸盐含量显著低于9～13kPa处理。综合分析,3～7kPa供水吸力范围内的黄瓜单株产量与整体品质较高,对应的土壤体积含水量范围为55%～81%。A negative pressure water supplying and controlling pot device was used to control different soil water contents by setting the water supply tensions （WST） of the devices at different values. Yield and quality of potted cucumber fruit in greenhouse were study under seven WST, i.e., 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 13 kPa. The results showed that yield, WUE and marketable rate of fruit had a parabola change tendency under seven treatments, the maximum yield and marketable rate of fruit value appeared in 3 - 9 kPa and 3 - 5 kPa separately, but plant WUE in 3 - 13 kPa had no differences. There were no significantly differences in water content and specific gravity of fruit among the seven treatments, and also the fruit length, mean fruit weight and total pigment content of peel except 1 kPa, which was significantly lower than other treatments. Tannin content within 3 - 5 kPa treatments were significantly bigger than 7 - 13 kPa treatments. Soluble solids and vitamin C content of fruits were significantly lower. Nitrate content of cucumber fruits within 3 - 7 kPa treatments were significantly lower than 9 - 13 kPa treatments. The above results indicated that range of 3 - 7 kPa water supply tension when soil relatively water content within 55% - 81% were more suitable for the enhancement of fruit yield and quality in cucumber.

关 键 词：黄瓜 负水头控水 产量 品质 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]