amiRNAi-实现高效稳定的特异基因沉默新方法  

amiRNAi:A New Approach for Highly Specific and Stable Gene Silencing

作　　者：叶梅霞[1] 刘军梅[1] 李昊[1] 崔东清[1] 王静澄[1] 张志毅[1] 安新民[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学林木育种国家工程实验室林木花卉遗传育种教育部重点实验室国家林业局树木花卉育种与生物工程重点开放实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《中国生物工程杂志》2010年第8期118-125,共8页China Biotechnology

基　　金：国家"863"计划(2009AA10Z107);教育部重点项目(108017);国家林业局项目(2006-4-72;LY-09-02)资助项目

摘　　要：RNA干扰技术(RNA interference,RNAi)是实现基因沉默的有效工具。近年来,随着分子生物学与生物技术的快速发展,在RNAi基础上又发展出另一种特异性更高的基因沉默技术—amiRNAi(artificial microRNA interference)。amiRNAs是一类由内源miRNA前体生成的长21个核苷酸的人工小RNA分子,它能在不影响其他基因表达的情况下特异地介导单个或多个靶基因高效稳定沉默。与普通的RNAi相比,amiRNAi具有特异性高、稳定性强和沉默效应可预见等优点。因而amiRNAi可能成为基因功能分析的最有效工具之一,同时amiRNAi对于基因负调控研究和应用而言前景广阔。着重介绍了amiRNAi技术的原理、优势及其潜在的应用价值。RNA interference （RNAi） is an efficient tool for gene silencing. Due to enormous advance of molecular biology and biotechnology achieved in recent years, it has evolved into another excellent technology for gene silencing with higher specificity called artificial microRNA interference （amiRNAi）. amiRNA, approximately 21 nucleotides long, which could be generated by endogenous miRNA precursors, can mediate the silencing of single or multiple genes targeted without affecting expressions of unrelated genes. Compared with the conventional RNAi, this novel technology has advantages of high specificity, satisfactory stability as well as precise predictability of silencing effect. Thus the amiRNAi definitely proves to be one of the most powerful tools for the functional analysis of heterogeneous genes. Also it promises a bright future for both study and application of genes＇ negative regulation. The very principle of amiRNAi was reviewed and its superiority and potential applications were discussed.

关 键 词：amiRNAi MIRNA siRNA基因沉默 

分 类 号：Q756[生物学—分子生物学]