陕西温室黄瓜害虫发生规律及持续控制对策  

Outbreak Regularity and Sustainable Management of Cucumber Pest in Greenhouse in Shaanxi Province

作　　者：刘俊生 张锋[2] 陈志杰[2] 陈振峰 张淑莲[2] 李英梅[2] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省植保站,西安710003 [2]陕西省动物研究所,西安710032 [3]西安市临潼区农技中心,西安710611

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2010年第17期260-263,共4页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：陕西省科技厅攻关项目(2008K01-01);陕西省科学院项目(2008K-09)

摘　　要：采用系统调查与定点观察相结合的方法,研究陕西温室黄瓜害虫种群消长动态、危害特点和不同措施的防治效果,提出日光温室害虫可持续控制措施,为绿色食品黄瓜生产提供技术支持。结果表明:陕西日光温室黄瓜害虫有26种,以美洲斑潜蝇、烟粉虱、茶黄螨为优势种。美洲斑潜蝇在温室发生14～15代,高峰期3～5月份,一般导致黄瓜产量降低5%～10%,严重者达20%以上。烟粉虱在温室发生10～12代,高峰期3～6月份,一般造成的损失15%～50%,严重时毁棚绝收。茶黄螨在温室发生10～13代,4～6月份为黄瓜全生育期发生高峰,一般产量损失10%～15%,严重者达30%以上。美洲斑潜蝇和烟粉虱在陕西的陕北及关中地区自然条件下不能越冬。设置防虫网、定植前棚室消毒、黄斑诱杀等可有效控制其危害。Based on the systematical investigation and observation, the population dynamics, damage characters and effects of different control measures of cucumber pests were studied in greenhouse in Shanxi province, and the sustainable control measures of greenhouse pests were put forward to provide a technical support for production of green-food cucumber. The result showed that there were 26 species of cucumber pest in greenhouse, the main pests were Liriomyza sativae Blanchard, Bemisia tabaci （Gennius） and Polyphagotarsonemus latus （Banks）. There were 14 to 15 generations of Liriomyza sativae Blanchard in greenhouse, the peak period was from March to May, which generally led to 5%-10% loss in cucumber yield, severe cases, over 20%. There were 10 to 12 generations ofBemisia tabaci （Gennius） in greenhouse, the peak period was from March to June, which generally led to 15%-50% loss in cucumber yield, even failed in when being serious. There were 10 to 13 generations ofPolyphagotarsonemus latus （Banks） in greenhouse, the peak period was from April to June, which generally led to 10%-15% loss in cucumber yield, severe cases, over 30%.Liriomyza sativae Blanchard andBemisia tabaci （Gennius） could not overwinter in natural environment of northern Shanxi and Guanzhong region. Preventing net, sterilizing greenhouse before cucumber were planted and yellow sticky traps had a good effect on controlling these three kinds of pest.

关 键 词：陕西 温室 黄瓜 害虫 可持续控制 

分 类 号：S436.421[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]