磷酸盐对水热和溶剂热合成的纳米氧化锌粉的影响  

THE EFFECT OF SODIUM PHOSPHATE ON ZnO NANOPOWDERS PREPARED WITH HYDROTHERMAL AND SOLVENTTHERMAL SYNTHESIS

作　　者：范学运[1] 余熙[1] 王艳香[1] 孙健[1] 

机构地区：[1]景德镇陶瓷学院,景德镇333001

出　　处：《陶瓷学报》2010年第3期417-421,共5页Journal of Ceramics

基　　金：江西省科技厅2009年度对外科技合作项目

摘　　要：采用水热和溶剂热合成制备氧化锌纳米粉,考察了磷酸钠在水热合成和溶剂热合成中对氧化锌粉形貌的影响,并探讨了磷酸钠在水热和溶剂热合成中对氧化锌形貌的影响机理。结果表明:固定反应温度为220℃,水热合成制备氧化锌时,以纯水为溶剂所制得的氧化锌粉是中空管状,长度约20μm,直径约4μm,采用0.1M磷酸钠水溶液时,得到的是厚度大约为100nm的氧化锌纳米片。溶剂热合成氧化锌时,磷酸钠对氧化锌形貌影响不大,纯乙醇溶液与0.1M磷酸钠乙醇溶液条件下均获得粒径为100nm的氧化锌纳米粒。原因是在水热合成时,电离出的磷酸根选择性吸附在氧化锌晶体的(0001)面,从而阻碍了氧化锌生长基元Zn(OH)24-在C轴方向的叠合。溶剂热合成时,由于磷酸钠不能溶解于乙醇,没有磷酸根吸附在氧化锌晶体的(0001)面,因此得到的是粒径大约为100nm的球形氧化锌纳米粒。ZnO nanopowders were synthesized via hydrothermal and solventthermal synthesis.Effect mechanism of sodium phosphate on the morphologies of the ZnO nanopowders has been discussed.The operating parameters： the hydrothermal temperature was 220℃.ZnO nanotubes with the length of 20μm and the diameter of 4μm were obtained when pure water was used as hydrothermal medium.,while ZnO nanosheets with the thickness of about 100nm were prepared by using sodium phosphate as hydrothermal medium.ZnO nanoparticles with the size of 100nm were obtained by using 0.1M sodium phosphate ethanol solution or pure alcohol as reaction solution.During hydrothermal synthesis,sodium phosphate was ionized completely into Na＋ and PO43-ions.The PO43-ions were adsorbed on（0001） face of ZnO crystal,and the attachment of growth units of [Zn（OH）4]2-onto the（0001） face of ZnO was hindered,which results in the formation of ZnO nanosheets with the thickness of about 100nm.However,sodium phosphate does not dissolve in ethanol and no PO43-were adsorbed on（0001） face during solventthermal synthesis,which results in the formation of ZnO nanoparticles.

关 键 词：氧化锌纳米片 水热合成 溶剂热合成 磷酸钠 

分 类 号：TQ174-75[化学工程—陶瓷工业]