钙对滇重楼生长和总皂甙含量的影响  

Effects of Calcium Fertilization on the Growth and Total Saponin Contents of Paris polyphilla var.yunnanensis

作　　者：何忠俊[1,2] 曾波 韦建荣 樊启龙 陈璐[2] 

机构地区：[1]云南白药集团博士后工作站,云南昆明650118 [2]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,云南昆明650201 [3]湖南省岳阳市农业局,湖南岳阳414000 [4]云南白药集团股份有限公司,云南昆明650118

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第5期664-669,共6页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：云南白药集团博士后工作站博士后研究经费资助;国家自然科学基金项目(30873374)

摘　　要：滇重楼是一种重要的中药材,多年来的大量采挖,已使其野生资源濒临灭绝的境地。钙与药用植物生长发育、品质形成和中药功效密切相关。采用盆栽试验,研究了不同钙水平对滇重楼生长、养分元素吸收和总皂甙含量的影响,以期为滇重楼野生资源的保护和人工栽培提供技术支撑。结果表明,施钙可明显增加滇重楼株高,以钙40 mg/kg处理株高增幅最大。总生物量和根茎增加百分数以钙80 mg/kg处理最高,高于此水平时,滇重楼总生物量和根茎增加百分数显著下降（P〈0.05）。随施钙水平增加,叶片光合速率和蒸腾速率分别呈显著（P〈0.05）和极显著（P〈0.01）的增加。不同钙水平对滇重楼各部位N,P含量和茎中K的含量无显著影响（P〉0.05）,但对叶片和新、老根茎中K含量有显著的影响（P〈0.05）。叶片中K含量以钙80 mg/kg处理最高,新、老根茎中K含量以钙40 mg/kg处理最高。叶片、新根茎和老根茎中钙含量与施钙水平之间呈显著的正相关（P〈0.05）,但茎中钙含量与施钙水平之间呈显著的负相关（P〈0.05）;新根茎总皂甙含量与施钙水平之间呈极显著的正相关（P〈0.01）,但不同钙水平对老根茎总皂甙含量影响不显著（P〉0.05）。综合考虑滇重楼生长、总生物量累积、药用部位生物量累积、养分元素含量和总皂甙含量,滇重楼施钙水平在钙40-80 mg/kg之间较为适宜。Paris polyphylla var.yunnanensis is an important Chinese medicine material.Because of excessive excavation for many years,it is in the edge of distinction.There are closely relationship between calcium（Ca） and the growth,quality formation and herb efficacy of medical plant.Adopting single factor experiment design,the effects of Ca application on the growth,biomass,nutrient content and total saponin content in different parts of P.polyphylla var.yunnanenis were discussed in order to provide technical support for protection and artificial cultivation of this resource.The result showed that applied Ca could obviously increase plant height;the highest height could be gotten at Ca 40 mg/kg level.Applied Ca could significantly increase total biomass increased percentage（TBIP） and fresh rhizome weight increased percentage（FRWIP） at 80 mg/kg level（P〈0.05）.When applied Ca above this level,the TBIP and FRWIP decreased significantly（P〈0.05）.With the increasing of Ca levels,the leaf photosynthesis rate and transpiration rate significantly（P〈0.05） and extremely significantly（P〈0.01） increased,respectively.There were no significant effects of applied Ca on nitrogen（N） and phosphorus（P）content in different parts and on potassium（K）content in stem（P〈0.05）,but there were significant effects of applied Ca on K contents in leaves,new and old rhizome（P〈0.05）.The K content was higher in leaves at Ca 80 mg/kg and in new and old rhizome at Ca 40 mg/kg,respectively.There was significantly positive relation between applied Ca rate and Ca content in leaves,new and old rhizome（P〈0.05）,but there was significantly negative relation between applied Ca rate and Ca content in stem（P〈0.05）.The total saponin content in new rhizome increased with the increase of applied Ca levels,but that there was no significant difference in old rhizome at different Ca levels（P〈0.05）.Comprehensively considering growth,rhizome weight and saponin content increased,nutrient content,the ap

关 键 词：滇重楼 钙 生长状况 养分含量 皂甙含量 

分 类 号：S567.062[农业科学—中草药栽培]