社区干预对精神分裂症患者康复的影响对照研究  

A control study of effcets of community intervention on schizophrenics＇ rehabilitation

作　　者：黄其春[1] 何淑芬[1] 兰淑芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]自贡市精神卫生中心,四川·自贡643000

出　　处：《临床心身疾病杂志》2010年第5期426-428,共3页Journal of Clinical Psychosomatic Diseases

摘　　要：目的 探讨社区干预对社区精神分裂症患者康复的影响. 方法 抽取我院青杠林社区服务站43例精神分裂症患者设为干预组,抽取相邻的雷公滩服务站41例精神分裂症患者设为对照组.两组患者均接受专科医院的电话和其他方式的随访活动.干预组同时接受社区系统康复干预,观察1 a.于干预前及干预6个月、1 a末采用简明精神病评定量表、阳性症状量表、阴性症状量表、社会功能缺陷筛选量表评定两组康复效果,统计两组患者干预前后的服药依从率及复发率. 结果 两组患者入组时各量表评分均无显著性差异（P均＞0.05）,干预后干预组各量表评分均显著低于干预前（P＜0.05或0.01）,并显著低于对照组（P＜0.05或0.01）;服药依从率干预组显著高于对照组（χ2=8.71,P＜0.01）;1 a复发率干预组显著低于对照组（χ2=11.11,P＜0.01）. 结论 社区干预可显著提高精神分裂症患者的服药依从性,进一步改善残留症状,降低复发率,促进患者的全面康复.Objective To explore the effects of community intervention on schizophrenics＇ rehabilitation. Methods Forty-three schizophrenics selected from Qingganglin mental disorders community service station established by our hospital were assigned to intervention group and 41 ones from next Leigongtan station to control group. Both groups were followed up with telephone or other modes from a special hospital. Meanwhile, the intervention group received community system rehabilitation intervention for one years. Rehabilitation outcomes were assessed with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale （BPRS）, the Scale for Assessment of Positive Symptoms （SAPS）, the Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms （SANS） and the Social Disability Screening Schedule （SDSS） before intervention and at the end of the 6th and 12th month; compliance and relase rates of both groups were added up before and after intervention and contrastively anlyzed. Results There were no significant differences in scores of all scales between the 2 groups at intake （all P〉0.05）; in the intervention group the scores of all scales were significantly lower compared with pre-intervention（P〈0.05 or 0.01） and than in the control group （P〈0.05 or 0.01）. Compliance rates were significantly higher （x^2= 8. 71, P〈0. 01） and relapse rates within 1 year significantly lower （x^2= 11. 11,P〈0.01） in the intervention than in the control group. Conclusion Community intervention can boost schizophrenics＇ compliance, further improve residual symptoms, lower relapse rates and promote comprehensive rehabilitation.

关 键 词：精神分裂症 社区干预 健康教育 康复训练 简明精神病评定量表 阳性症状量表 阴性症状量表 社会功能缺陷筛选量表 

分 类 号：R492[医药卫生—康复医学]