不同银杏复合经营模式土壤肥力综合评价  

Comprehensive Evaluation of Soil Fertility of Agroforestry Patterns of Ginkgo biloba

作　　者：汪贵斌[1] 曹福亮[1] 程鹏[2] 陈雷[1] 刘婧[1] 李群[3] 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学,南京210037 [2]安徽省林业厅,合肥230001 [3]泰兴市林业局,泰兴225400

出　　处：《林业科学》2010年第8期1-7,共7页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑项目(2006BAD18B03);江苏省科技支撑项目(BE2008395)

摘　　要：选择江苏泰兴3种传统的银杏复合经营模式,即银杏+桑树(G+M),银杏+小麦+黄豆(G+W+S)和银杏+油菜+黄豆(G+R+S),以纯种桑树(M)和油菜+黄豆(R+S)为对照,3年后对这5种经营模式土壤的pH值、有机质、氮、磷、钾等化学性质进行比较分析,并采用改进层次分析法,对5种经营方式进行土壤肥力综合评价。结果表明:不同经营模式土壤的pH值、有机质、全氮和水解氮、有效磷、全钾和有效钾等,以及各种经营模式土壤不同层次的pH值、有机质、全氮和水解氮、有效磷、全钾和有效钾等均存在着显著差异。各种模式土壤中的全氮、全磷、有机质、有效磷和有效钾的含量均随着土层深度的增加而逐渐减少,pH值则随着土层的增加而升高。各种银杏复合经营和纯种桑树模式土壤中的有机质、全氮、水解氮、有效磷、有效钾含量均高于纯种农作物(R+S)。土壤肥力质量综合评价结果表明,不同经营模式土壤肥力质量差异较大,5种经营模式土壤肥力质量指数从大到小的顺序是G+M(0.973)>G+W+S(0.424)>M(0.388)>G+R+S(0.255)>R+S(0.233)。因此,银杏复合经营可明显改善土壤的肥力。Ginkgo biloba is a traditional economic tree species in China,and it is often cultivated by using agroforestry pattern. In order to understand the effects of different agroforestry patterns of G. biloba on soil fertility,three agroforestry patterns were selected,including G. biloba ＋ Wheat ＋ Soybean （ G ＋ W ＋ S）,G. biloba ＋ Mulberry （ G ＋ M） and G. biloba ＋ Rape ＋ Soybean （G ＋ R ＋ S）,and as CK,another two planting patterns were also selected,including Mulberry （M） and Rape ＋ Soybean （R ＋ S）. The soil chemical properties of the five patterns were determined after three years, and the soil fertility of five patterns was also evaluated by using improved Analytic Hierarchy Process （AHP）. The result showed that the pH,organic matter,total N,hydrolyze N,available P,total K and available K of the soil of the five patterns were different remarkably,and these parameters at different soil layers were also different remarkably. The total N,total P,organic matter,available P and available K of soil of five patterns decreased with increasing soil depth, however,the pH increased. The organic matter,total N,hydrolyze N,available P and available K of soil in R ＋ S were the lowest among five patterns. The result of comprehensive evaluation of soil fertility showed that the soil fertility of the five patterns were different significantly,and the values of soil fertility quality indicators （FI） of five patterns were G ＋ W （0. 973） G ＋ W ＋ S（0. 424） M（0. 388） G ＋ R ＋ S （0. 255） R ＋ S （0. 233）. Therefore,Ginkgo agroforestry could improve soil fertility.

关 键 词：银杏 复合经营 土壤肥力 综合评价 

分 类 号：S714.8[农业科学—林学]