乌鲁木齐河流域柴窝堡盆地地下水可持续开采方案分析  

Analysis of sustainable groundwater development scenarios for the Chaiwopu Basin in the Urumqi River Basin

作　　者：李宁[1] 谢文 周仰效 李文鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质环境监测院,北京100081 [2]新疆克拉玛依市独山子区农林水牧局,克拉玛依833600 [3]联合国教科文组织荷兰水资源学院．荷兰德尔福特

出　　处：《水文地质工程地质》2010年第5期8-14,共7页Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology

基　　金：中荷合作项目“中国地下水信息中心能力建设”;中国西部干旱区含水层存储与利用(2009DFA22380)

摘　　要：针对柴窝堡盆地与河谷区水资源开发过程中引起的水质恶化,湖泊面积萎缩及生态环境恶化等一系列问题,设计了地下水开发的情景模拟方案:现状开采方案,增加补给量方案,减少开采量方案和增补减采联合方案。运用柴窝堡盆地与河谷区数值模型对这些方案进行了模拟,分析了各种开采方案下地下水水均衡状态以及地下水水位的动态变化。结果表明:增补减采联合方案既实现了最大开采量的目标,又保证了最小入湖量和最低水位的约束条件,是可持续开发方案。因而,柴窝堡盆地与河谷区水资源开发利用的重点应放在恢复天然河道水流增加地下水的补给量,充分利用地下水库的调蓄功能保证城市供水安全,同时改善水生态环境。The problems to be solved by sustainable groundwater development include the deterioration of groundwater quality,the shrinking of the lakes,and the ecosystem deterioration.Four groundwater development scenarios were formulated and analyzed： the business as usual,the increased recharge,the decreased abstraction and the combined scenario.The model was used to simulate these scenarios and analyze changes in groundwater budget and groundwater levels.Four scenarios were compared against total abstraction rate,discharge to lakes and increase in groundwater levels in the River Valley.The results indicate that the combined scenario of the increased recharge and decreased discharge will achieve the maximum abstraction rate,and meet the constraints of the minimum discharge to the lakes and the lowest groundwater level in the River Valley,so it can be considered as the sustainable groundwater development scenario.Therefore,the priority of water resources management in the area should be put on the recovery of natural river flow to maintain groundwater recharge,the use of groundwater storage to safely guide the water supply,and the improvement of groundwater dependent ecosystems.

关 键 词：柴窝堡盆地 河谷区 地下水开采 情景模拟方案 可持续开采 

分 类 号：P641.2[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]