对大豆耐萎蔫材料PI471938根系和地上部的性状鉴定、遗传分析及QTL定位  

Identification, Inheritance Analysis, and QTL Mapping of Root and Shoot Traits in Soybean Variety PI471938 with Tolerance to Wilting

作　　者：吕彩霞[1] 郭建秋[1,2] 王英[1] 冷建田[1] 杨光明[1] 侯文胜[1] 吴存祥[1] 韩天富[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所／国家农作物基因资源与基因改良重大科学工程,北京100081 [2]洛阳市农业科学研究院,河南洛阳471022

出　　处：《作物学报》2010年第9期1476-1483,共8页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2009CB118400);农业部财政部现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(nycytx-004);高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2006AA100104-9)资助

摘　　要：PI471938是从美国引进的大豆耐萎蔫抗旱种质资源。为更好了解和利用该材料,分别在灌水和干旱胁迫条件下比较PI471938与普通大豆品种Dare、丰收黄根系及地上部性状的差异,并配制杂交组合,构建分离群体,利用主基因-多基因混合遗传模型分析杂交后代根系性状的遗传规律。结果表明,在正常灌水和干旱处理条件下,PI471938的根干重、根体积、主根长均显著高于Dare和丰收黄(P<0.01),说明根系发达是PI471938耐萎蔫的重要原因。供试亲本和各世代材料的株高、地上部干重均与根干重及根体积显著正相关,可作为对根系性状进行间接选择的指标。在Dare×PI471938杂交组合的F2代,不论在灌水还是干旱条件下,根干重均以微效多基因控制为主,主基因遗传率较低;根体积在灌水条件下表现多基因遗传,而在干旱条件下则由2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性多基因控制,主基因遗传率为54.63%。在干旱条件下,丰收黄×PI471938组合的根干重、根体积均以多基因控制为主。以在干旱条件下种植的Dare×PI471938组合的F2代群体为材料,采用SSR标记对大豆根系及地上部性状进行QTL定位,检测到位于3个不同连锁群的5个主效QTL,表型贡献率在16.07%～38.44%之间。PI471938, introduced from the US, is a soybean [Glycine max （L.） Merr.] variety with tolerance to wilting. In order to know and use this germplasm, the shoot and root traits of PI471938 and two other varieties （Dare and Fengshouhuang） were investigated under either routine irrigation or drought stress conditions in this study. The crosses were made and segregating populations were analyzed for the inheritance of root and shoot traits by using the major gene and polygene mixed inheritance models. The results showed that the dry root weight, root volume and tap root length of PI471938 were significantly higher than those of Dare and Fengshouhuang under both routine irrigation and drought stress conditions, indicating that large root system especially the deep rooting is one of the major reasons for PI471938 to be tolerant to wilting. Both plant height and shoot dry weight of the parents and progenies were positively correlated with root dry weight and volume, which made it possible to use these shoot traits to indirectly select the root traits. In the F2 population of the cross Dare×PI416937, root dry weight was found to be mainly controlled by minor-effect polygenes under both routine irrigation and drought stress conditions. The root volume was controlled by polygenes under routine irrigation but by two pairs of additive-dominance-epistasis major genes plus additive-dominance polygenes under drought stress, and the heritability of major genes was as high as 54.63%. Under drought stress, the root dry weight and root volume in the segregating populations of the cross Fengshouhuang×PI471938 were mainly controlled by polygenes. Using the F2 population derived from Dare × PI471938 grown under drought condition, QTL mapping was conducted and five major-effect QTLs conferring the plant height, root dry weight, shoot/root ratio and tap root length were located on three linkage groups, which could explain 16.07%–38.44% of the total phenotypic variation.

关 键 词：大豆 PI471938 耐萎蔫 根系性状 遗传分析 SSR标记 QTL 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]