过渡金属磷化物的制备和催化性能研究  

Preparation and Catalytic Performance of Transition Metal Phosphides

作　　者：刘理华[1] 李广慈[1] 刘迪[1] 柳云骐[1] 刘晨光[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学重质油国家重点实验室CNPC催化重点实验室,青岛266555

出　　处：《化学进展》2010年第9期1701-1708,共8页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(No.2010CB226905)

摘　　要：原油的重质化和日益严格的环境法规使燃料油加氢精制技术面临新的挑战。过渡金属磷化物由于具有优异的加氢脱硫、加氢脱氮活性和稳定性成为催化材料领域研究的焦点。本文综述了过渡金属磷化物的制备方法、催化性能和活性相,在加氢脱硫过程中过渡金属磷化物表层可能被硫化形成磷硫相,这可能与磷化物的催化活性和稳定性有关。过渡金属磷化物催化剂有望成为MoS2催化剂之后的又一代深度加氢脱硫催化剂。The diminishing quality of oil feedstocks coupled with increasingly stringent environmental regulations limiting the content of sulfur in transportation fuels have given rise to a need for improved hydroprocessing technology. Transition metal phosphides have attracted attention because they have excellent catalytic selectivity for deep hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation, and are much more stable than metal carbides and nitrides with regard to hydrogen sulfide. The present article intends to review recent progress in the fabrication, catalytic performance and active phase of transition metal phosphides. A surface phosphosulfide phase may be formed while the bulk structure of the phosphides is retained under hydrodesulfurization reaction conditions. The surface phosphosulfide phase may be responsible for the high and stable activity of the phosphide catalyst. These phosphide based catalysts are becoming an interesting and promising replacement for the traditional bimetallic systems such as Mo or W sulfide catalysts promoted with Ni or Co in this type of reaction. This approach provides considerable economical advantages as well as enhanced catalyst life and higher activity.

关 键 词：过渡金属磷化物 制备 加氢脱硫 加氢脱氮 活性相 

分 类 号：O643.3[理学—物理化学] TE624.4[理学—化学]