湖北省部分地区中华按蚊对常用杀虫剂的抗药性监测  

Detection of Anopheles sinensis' resistance to common insecticides in areas of Hubei Province

作　　者：胡乐群[1] 李凯杰[1] 张华勋[1] 裴速建[1] 袁方玉[1] 董小蓉[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省疾病预防控制中心传染病防治研究所,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《中国病原生物学杂志》2010年第8期611-614,共4页Journal of Pathogen Biology

基　　金：第五轮中国全球基金疟疾控制项目(No.CHN-506-G07-M)

摘　　要：目的对中华按蚊的抗药性进行监测,为合理使用杀虫剂提供科学依据。方法采用成蚊滤纸接触法,按照WHO区分剂量,观察首只蚊虫击倒时间、击倒率和死亡率,以区分剂量判定抗性级别,以半数致死量确定抗性程度。结果监测点中华按蚊对DDT首只蚊虫击倒时间≥10 min,击倒率均<20%,KT50176.86～1 718.63 min;溴氰菊酯和氟氯氰菊酯首只击倒时间为10～32 min和5～33 min,击倒率2.91%～18.35%和2.06%～15.00%;其中溴氰菊酯KT50138.41～6 234.72 min,比1996年调查的KT50提高了20～631倍。中华按蚊对DDT、溴氰菊酯和氟氯氰菊酯区分剂量死亡率均<50%,对马拉硫磷区分剂量死亡率为10.20%～58.66%,其中DDT LC50均>4%,与1993年的调查结果一致;溴氰菊酯LT50684.12 min,比1998年上升了306倍。结论中华按蚊对DDT抗性居高不下,对溴氰菊酯抗药性发展迅猛,可能成为疟疾媒介控制的最大障碍。区分剂量法是监测蚊虫对杀虫剂抗性的有效手段,击倒时间和击倒率的变化是检测早期击倒抗性(kdr)的敏感指标。Objective To ascertain the resistance of Anopheles sinensis to insecticides and provide a scientific basis for rational use of insecticides.Methods The filter paper contact method recommended by the WHO to ascertain the discriminating dose of insecticide（the minimum dose required to kill susceptible insects） was used to observe the percentage of adult mosquitos knocked down,when the first mosquito was knocked down,and the mortality rate for the mosquitoes tested.The level of mosquitos＇ resistance was analyzed with the discriminating dose and the degree of resistance was analyzed with the LD50.Results At all of the monitoring sites,the first mosquito was knocked down after more than 10 min;insecticides had a knockdown rate of less than 20% and KT50 values of 176.86-1 718.63 min.Deltamethrin and cyfluthrin had knockdown times of 10-32 min and 5-33 min,respectively.Their knockdown rates were 2.91%-10.31% and 2.06%-15.00%.Mosquitoes were highly resistant to being knocked down at all of the monitoring sites.Deltamethrin had KT50 values of 138.41-6 234.72 min and KT50 values had risen 20-631-fold compared to 1996.At the discriminating dose,DDT,deltamethrin,and cyfluthrin caused an An.sinensis mortality rate of less than 50%;malathion had a mortality rate of 10.20%-58.66%.DDT had an LC50 value of more than 4%,coinciding with that the value in 1993.Deltamethrin had an LT50 value of 684.12 min,a 306-fold increase from 1998.Conclusion An.sinensis was still resistant to DDT and it quickly developed resistance to deltamethrin,which could hamper malaria vector control.Mortality at the discrimination dose is an effective way to monitor resistance.Changes in the knockdown time and knockdown rate were indices indicative of early knockdown resistance（kdr）.

关 键 词：中华按蚊 杀虫剂 kdr抗性 监测 

分 类 号：R384.1[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]