碳酸氢钠(NaHCO_3)对生防菌防治采后梨轮纹病的影响  

Influence of NaHCO_3 on effectiveness of biocontrol agents to control ring rot on postharvest pear fruit

作　　者：刘邮洲[1] 陈志谊[1] 王克荣[2] 刘永锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院植物保护研究所,南京210014 [2]南京农业大学植物保护学院,南京210095

出　　处：《果树学报》2010年第5期757-763,共7页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新(CX10209;CX09615);江苏省农业科学院院基金(6510823)

摘　　要：由贝伦格葡萄座腔菌梨生专化型Botryosphaeria berengeriana de.Not.f.sp.piricola(Nose)引起的梨轮纹病在世界产梨区普遍发生,生物防治采后梨轮纹病能降低梨果表面化学杀菌剂的残留量,保护生态环境和人类健康。通过平板抑菌试验和梨果活体接种试验,研究NaHCO3对几株生防菌防治梨轮纹病的影响。室内试验结果表明,生防菌单剂对梨轮纹病菌的防效为75.77%～85.41%;与NaHCO3协同作用后防效提高,为83.00%～90.23%。梨果试验结果表明,先接种病菌再喷施药剂时,生防菌11对梨轮纹病的防效为23.83%;与NaHCO3协同作用后防效提高,为48.16%～74.57%。先喷施药剂再接种病菌时,生防菌11对梨轮纹病的防效为28.72%;与NaHCO3协同作用后防效明显提高,为51.06%～80.91%。先喷施生防菌液再喷施NaHCO3溶液的处理防效最好。因此可以采用生防菌和NaHCO3协同防治采后梨轮纹病。Pear ring rot caused by Botryosphaeria berengeriana is a common disease throughout pear-growing areas, and biological control can reduce the residue of chemical fungicides on fruit and protect public health and natural ecological environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of sodium bicarbonate （SBC） on effectiveness of biocontrol agents （BA） to control ring rot on postharvest pear fruit. The results indicated that the inhibition rate against B. berengeriana was 42.30%, 75.77% to 85.41%, and 83.00% to 90.23% in vitro when the plates were treated with 2% SBC （w/v）, BA （strain 11, 2, 28 and sf628）, and 2%SBC＋BA, respectively. On fruit, the control effect was 23.83%, 12.79%, 71.09%, 48.16%, 74.57%, and 57.90% when the fruits were first inoculated with B. berengeriana （curative activity）, then treated with BA 11 30 mL, SBC 30 mL, BA 11 15 mL＋SBC 15 mL, SBC 15 mL ＋ BA 11 15 mL, BA 11 30 mL ＋SBC 30 mL, and SBC 30 mL＋ BA 11 30mL, respectively. When fruits were treated with the sanle above, then inoculated with the pathogen （preventive activity）, the control effect was 28.72%, 17.31%, 78.25%, 51.06%, 80.91%, and 61.50%. Combination treatments were superior to single treatments and the treatment SBC following BA was significantly better than the treatment BA following SBC . Therefore, the proper combination of SBC with biocontrol agents would be a promising approach against ring rot on postharvest pear fruit.

关 键 词：梨轮纹病菌 梨轮纹病 生物防治 NAHCO3 协同作用 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]