三叶草浸提液对寒富苹果根际土壤生物活性和养分有效性的影响  

Effect of clover extract on soil biological characteristics and nutrient availability in rhizosphere of Hanfu apple

作　　者：王英[1] 吕德国[1] 秦嗣军[1] 马怀宇[1] 刘国成[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学园艺学院北方果树育种与生理生态研究所,沈阳110161

出　　处：《果树学报》2010年第5期797-801,共5页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家现代苹果产业技术体系建设专项(编号:nycytx-08-03-05);公益性行业科研专项(编号:nyhyzx07-024);辽宁省农业攻关计划项目(编号:2008204003);沈阳市科技攻关计划项目(编号:1091104-3-02)

摘　　要：为了明确果园覆草后根际环境变化,以2 a生盆栽寒富苹果为试材,通过施入不同类型三叶草浸提液,研究三叶草风干和腐解后对根际土壤生物活性和养分有效性的影响。结果表明,三叶草浸提液提高了根际微生物量碳、微生物商和微生物量碳/微生物量氮比值,降低了微生物量氮和微生物量氮与全氮比值;施入三叶草浸提液促进根际土壤脲酶、蛋白酶和中性磷酸酶活性增加,但抑制了过氧化氢酶活性;三叶草浸提液增加了有机质、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾等养分的有效性。不同类型三叶草浸提液对根际土壤生物活性和养分有效性的影响有差异,鲜草浸提液处理对根际环境的改善作用效果最明显,干草浸提液处理次之,腐草浸提液处理效果较差。In order to explicit the change of rhizosphere environment in the orchard covering with grass, the soil microbial biomass, enzyme activities and nutrient availabilities were studies with different types of clover extract using two-year-old Hanfu apples as materials. The results showed that the microbial bionmss C, microbial quotient and microbial biomass C/microbial biomass N increased with grass extract treatment, but the microbial biomass N and microbial biomass NAotal nitrogen decreased. The grass extract treatment promoted urease activity, protease activity and neutral phosphatase activity, but in- hibited catalase activity. The organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were increased with grass extract treatment. There were different effects on improving rhizosphere environment among three types of grass extract. The effect of fresh grass extract was best. The hay grass extract was better than the rotten grass extract.

关 键 词：寒富苹果 三叶草浸提液 微生物量 酶活性 养分有效性 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]