阿月浑子花粉萌发力及授粉研究  

Study on pollen germination and pollination in pistachio

作　　者：何敬房[1] 樊桂敏[2] 苏淑钗[2] 刘映杉[2] 冷平生[1] 王倩[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京农学院园林学院,北京102206 [2]北京林业大学林学院,北京100083

出　　处：《果树学报》2010年第5期807-811,共5页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家林业局“948”项目(96-4-71-02);北京市自然科学基金(6072005);北京市创新人才建设计划(PXM2009-014207-076874)

摘　　要：以阿月浑子peters花粉为试材,研究了花期、开花度以及贮藏温度对花粉活力的影响,同时探讨了植物生长调节物质对花粉萌发及花粉管生长的影响;利用人工辅助授粉技术,研究了3种人工授粉方式对阿月浑子雌花品种坐果率的影响。结果表明,-66℃+盛花期+开花度35%的花粉,平均萌发率最高,可达67.98%。适宜阿月浑子花粉萌发和花粉管生长的赤霉素浓度为40 mg.L-1,吲哚乙酸浓度为10 mg.L-1。人工喷粉、人工点授以及液体授粉时以花粉浓度分别为1%、1%和1.5%坐果率最高,分别可达9.2%、9.45%和6.175%。从授粉效率上看,人工喷粉和液体授粉的效率相当,要明显高于人工点授的效率。The effects of blossom peirod, flowering degree and different storage temperature on pollen vigor of Pistachi vera were studied. The effects of several plant growth regulators on the rate of pollen germination and pollen tube growth were investigated as well. The effects of three hand-pollinatlon ways on the fruit-setting of pistillate flower were investigated .The results showed that -66℃＋full-bloom stage＋ 35% of the flowering degree was the best condition for pollen germination. Under this condition, the average rate of pollen germination was up to 67.98%. The optimum concentration of GA3 and IAA for stimulating pollen germination and pollen tube growth were 40 mg·L^-1 and 10 mg·L^-1, respectively. When spraying pollen powder, dotting and liquid pollination, the optimum concentration of pollen concentration which could get the greatest fruit set rate 9.2%, 9.45% and 6.175% respectively was correspondingly 1%, 1% and 1.5%. In view of the pollination efficiency, spraying and liquid pollination was similar and much better than dotting.

关 键 词：阿月浑子 花粉萌发 植物生长调节物质 辅助授粉 

分 类 号：S664.7[农业科学—果树学]