后常态科学下的公共政策决策——以转基因水稻审批过程为例  

Decision making in an era of post-normal science:a case study of the approval process of GM rice in China

作　　者：陈玲[1] 薛澜[1] 赵静[1] 林泽梁[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学公共管理学院,北京100084

出　　处：《科学学研究》2010年第9期1281-1289,共9页Studies in Science of Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(07CZZ012)

摘　　要：以中国转基因水稻审批过程为例,探讨了后常态科学下的中国公共政策决策机制,指出专家委员会的内部咨询模式和技术官僚为主体的内部决策模式存在一定的局限性。之后,对比分析了美国和欧盟的转基因生物管理制度,探索在科学不确定性下公共决策机制的改进方向,即充分的信息公开和广泛的公众参与、政策实施中的审慎预防原则,以及有效的政策纠偏和损害救济机制。Based on a case study of the approval process of Genetically Modified Rice,this paper explores China＇ policy decision-making mechanism in an era of post-normal science.It is argued that China＇s internal consulting model of experts committee and the internal decision-making model conducted by the technocrats have some limitations.This is followed by a comparative analysis of the GMOs management system in China,U.S.and EU.Measures to improve China＇s public decision-making mechanism under uncertainty are proposed,including better information disclosure,more extensive public participation,and the precautionary principle in policy implementation,as well as more effective policy correction and damage-control mechanism.

关 键 词：后常态科学 公共决策 转基因 审慎预防原则 公众参与 

分 类 号：G301[文化科学] C934[经济管理—管理学]