积雪底部温度(BTS)方法在冻土分布调查和模型研究中的应用:研究进展  

The Application of BTS to Permafrost Investigation and Distribution Model:A Review

作　　者：常晓丽[1] 金会军[1] 孙海滨 何瑞霞[1] 罗栋梁[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冻土工程国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [2]内蒙古根河市气象局,内蒙古根河022350

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2010年第4期803-809,共7页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40701031);国家自然基金创新群体项目(40821001);冻土工程重点实验室专项子课题(SKLFSE-ZT-01);冻土工程国家重点实验室开放基金课题(SKLFSE200902)资助

摘　　要：多年冻土的调查方法很多,如坑探、物探、遥感等,但相对于积雪底部温度(BTS)测量方法来说,这些方法都比较费时、费力、费钱.目前,BTS已经被成功应用于阿尔卑斯山等地多年冻土的调查研究,不过在国内的应用却是个空白.引入BTS方法,希望能为我国多年冻土的研究开辟一条新路.There are a lot of methods in permafrost investigation,such as digging,drilling,and radar sounding and so on.Bottom temperature of snow（BTS）has been gradually developed as a new successful method,which is more economical,quicker,and labor-saving for permafrost investigation.Snow,a weak heat conductor with distinctive physical features like high albedo and heat capacity,plays an indispensable role in the energy balance,because it has a remarkable influence on the energy exchange between air and permafrost.When the snow depth exceeds 80 cm,heat insulating capacity of snow will become stable.Thus the value of BTS will principally depend on the ground temperature of the active layer rather than air temperature.At this time,BTS is invariable to some extent and almost equivalent to mean annual ground temperature,so that it can be considered as an indicator for permafrost occurrence.Consequently,the BTS ＇rules-of-thumb＇ has been summarized as follows：BTS-3 ℃,permafrost is probable;-3 ℃≤BTS≤-2 ℃,permafrost is possible;BTS-2 ℃,permafrost is improbable.Actually,BTS is closely relative to elevation,solar radiation and other factors.Therefore,multivariate linear models have been given for permafrost prediction.However,the terms used in the BTS ＇rules-of-thumb＇ have not been quantified.Subsequently,logistic regression model with BTS as a variable was developed to analyze the probability of permafrost occurrence.If it is assumed that the likelihood of permafrost is 0%~25% for the ＇improbable＇ category,25%~75% for ＇possible＇ category and 75%~100% for ＇probable＇ category,the results can be compared with the ＇rules-of-thumb＇.At present,BTS has been successfully used to derive permafrost distribution in Alps and other mountains,but its application in China is still a blank.Thus BTS is introduced in this paper to do a favor for permafrost research in China.

关 键 词：雪底温度 BTS法则 冻土调查 分布模型 

分 类 号：P642.14[天文地球—工程地质学]