纤维素的绿色溶解体系  

Green Dissolution System of Cellulose

作　　者：张效敏[1,2] 朱锦[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所,宁波31500 [2]安徽职业技术学院,合肥230051

出　　处：《化学通报》2010年第9期787-791,共5页Chemistry

摘　　要：纤维素是一种天然的可再生资源,将其溶解是对其有效利用的关键。本文从溶解机理的角度对环境友好的非反应型纤维素溶剂,包括无机溶剂和有机溶剂体系,进行了重点介绍。无机溶剂体系包括碱/尿素/水体系、碱/硫脲/水体系等,其是在低温下通过尿素或硫脲小分子形成稳定的氢键网络包裹自由的纤维素大分子,使之不能相互结合,从而使碱不断打开纤维素分子间、分子内氢键获得更多的自由纤维素分子,并最终使其溶解。有机溶剂体系包括胺氧化物和离子液体,其是通过电子给予体和电子接受体与纤维素羟基作用实现纤维素的溶解。Cellulose is a naturally renewable resource.Its dissolution is the key to its effective utilization.From dissolution mechanism,the various non-reactive inorganic and organic solvent systems especially the environmentfriendly non-reactive solvent systems for dissolving cellulose effectively were reviewed.The inorganic solvent systems include alkaline /urea /water system,alkaline /thiourea /water system and so on.In these systems at low temperature a stable hydrogen bond network was formed by the small molecule of urea or thiourea form to prevent free cellulose molecules from aggregating each other and the intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen bonds of cellulose were broken down by alkali,so that the cellulose could be dissolved continuously.The organic solvent systems include amine oxide and ionic liquid,in which the cellulose was dissolved through the interaction between electron donor and electron acceptor of the solvent with the hydroxyl of the cellulose.

关 键 词：纤维素 非反应 溶解 离子液体 N-甲基氧化吗啉 

分 类 号：TQ352.1[化学工程]