Soft X ray Diagnosis on Seed Development and Observation on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth in Artificial Hybridization in Cunninghamia and Cryptomeria   

杉木与柳杉人工杂交种子发育的软X-射线判断及种子萌发和幼苗生长的观察(英文)

作　　者：李文钿[1,2] 奇文清[1,2] 成小飞[1,2] 胡适宜 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 [2]北京大学生命科学学院

出　　处：《Acta Botanica Sinica》1999年第7期690-694,共5页Acta Botanica Sinica（植物学报：英文版）

摘　　要：An intergeneric artificial hybridization was conducted between Cunninghamia R. Br. and Cryptomeria D.Don The results are as follows:1. A considerable number of hybrid seeds shed from 76 pollinated cones were empty and a total of 628 looks plump. Soft X ray radiographs showed that, still and all, a majority of the “plump" seeds were embryoless (597, 95.6%) whereas some were partially developed (17,2.7%) and only a few were really full (14, 2.2%). 2. Germination test showed that all of the radiographed hybrid seeds with fully developed embryos were germinable whereas those with partially developed embryos were ungerminable. 3. Physiologically, the growth rate of hypocotyl, the date for shedding of seed coat and spreading of cotyledons, the elongation of epicotyl, and the branching of shoot of the 11 month old seedlings showed a tendency to fall behind those of the female parent; morphologically, the 11 month old hybrid seedlings with linear leaves appeared rather short, slender and weak, whereas the seedlings of the female parents with linear_lanceolate leaves appeared rather tall, stout and strong. 4. It is considered that the hybrid may be true and the crossability reveals a close phylogenetic affinity of Cunninghamia with Cryptomeria.进行了杉木属（ＣｕｎｎｉｎｇｈａｍｉａＲ．Ｂｒ．）与柳杉属（ＣｒｙｐｔｏｍｅｒｉａＤ．Ｄｏｎ）的属间人工杂交，结果如下：１．从７６个经人工授粉后获得的球果中脱落的种子大量是空瘪的。对外观较饱满的种子６２８粒进行了软Ｘ射线检查，其中无胚的５９７粒（９５．６％），胚发育不全的１７粒（２．７％），胚发育完全的只有１４粒（２．２％）。２．种子萌发试验表明，经软Ｘ射线照射判断的、具发育完全胚的种子可以萌发形成幼苗，而具发育不完全胚的种子不能萌发。３．在生理上，杂种幼苗下胚轴的生长速度、种皮脱落和子叶张开的日期、上胚轴的伸长、１１月龄幼苗的分枝和出芽等均落后于母本；在形态上，１１月龄杂种幼苗较矮而瘦弱，叶呈线形，母本较高而粗壮，叶呈线状披针形。４．可以认为本杂交实验得到真实的杂种。杉木属与柳杉属杂交成功，表明此二属密切的亲缘关系，具有分类学和系统发育的意义。

关 键 词：Cunninghamia CRYPTOMERIA Artificial hybridization Soft X  ray 

分 类 号：Q949.666[生物学—植物学]