不同产地玉米干酒糟及其可溶物在奶牛瘤胃降解规律的研究  

Research about the Degradation Rate of DDGS of Different Sources in Dairy Cow Rumen

作　　者：颜志辉[1] 王加启[1] 卜登攀[1] 魏宏阳[1] 周凌云[1] 孙鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所动物营养学国家重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2010年第9期5-9,共5页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD04A10);公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费(NYHYZX07-036-01)

摘　　要：试验研究了不同产地的玉米干酒糟及其可溶物(corn dried distillers grains with solubles,DDGS)样品的瘤胃降解规律,旨在为科学配置奶牛日粮提供依据。试验选用4头装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的干奶期中国荷斯坦奶牛,利用尼龙袋原位培养法研究不同产地DDGS在奶牛瘤胃中的降解规律。结果表明,DDGS干物质含量大部分都在90%左右,粗蛋白质含量在不同产地之间存在一定的差异,从26.4%到32.5%不等。不同的DDGS样品的干物质瘤胃降解参数则存在一定的差异,以河北(HB2)、黑龙江(HLJ2)两个样品的快速降解部分含量最高,天津(TJ)、河南(HN)两个样品的快速降解部分含量最低,其余样品居中。慢速降解部分含量以黑龙江(HLJ1和HLJ2)、河北(HB1和HB2)的样品中含量较低为60%左右,TJ、安徽(AH)和HN含量较高为75%左右;慢速降解部分的降解速度由0.025 h-1到0.044 h-1不等;DDGS干物质的有效降解率从41.0%～58.2%不等;DDGS粗蛋白质的快速降解部分含量17%左右,TJ含量较低仅为3.3%;粗蛋白质的慢速降解部分含量最低为HB1和HLJ1均为58.7%,最高为HB2和HLJ2,分别为82.2%和82.1%;粗蛋白质慢速降解部分的降解速度也各不相同,由0.013 h-1到0.035 h-1;粗蛋白质的有效降解率最低为TJ的22.5%,最高为吉林(JL)的53.4%。不同产地DDGS的营养成分含量及瘤胃的降解参数存在较大的差异,因而在DDGS的推广应用中,应该采用一种简便、快速的方法测定其各种营养成分含量,以便更有效地利用氮素,减少饲料资源的浪费。To provide a scientific basis for the preparation of dairy diet,the dried distillers grains with soluble（DDGS） samples collected were used to evaluate the ruminal degradation rate in cow.Four ruminally cannulated Chinese Holstein dairy cows in dry period were used to determine the ruminal degradation rate of DDGS of various sources with nylon bag technique.Results showed that dry matter（DM） was about 90% for most of the DDGS samples,crude protein（CP） differed from different plants（26.4% to 32.5% CP）.Ruminal degradation parameter of DM of DDGS differed between different pants.The water-soluble fraction of DM was greatest for HB2 and HLJ2,lowest for HN and TJ and mid for other samples.The degradable fraction of DM was lower for HLJ1,HLJ2,HB1 and HB2 with about 60%,and higher for TJ,AH and HN with about 75%.The degradation rate of degradable fraction ranged from 0.025 to 0.044 h-1.Effective degradation rate of DM ranged from 41.0% to 58.2%.Water-soluble fraction of CP was about 17%,except TJ with 3.3%.Degradable fraction of CP was the least for HB1 and HLJ1 with 58.7%,and greatest for HB2 and HLJ2 with 82.2% and 82.1%.The degradation rate of degradable fraction of CP ranged from 0.013 to 0.035 h-1.The effective degradation rate of CP ranged from 22.5% to 53.4%.In concern with the nutritional characteristic and ruminal degradation parameter of DDGS differed largely in various plants,it would be effective to develop a quick and easy test technique to determine the feed value of the DDGS that could be used by the farmer.Then a more efficient use of nitrogen was to reduce wastage of feed resources.

关 键 词：奶牛 DDGS 瘤胃降解率 

分 类 号：S816.32[农业科学—饲料科学]