内蒙孪井灌区土壤盐分淋洗过程的室内模拟及分析  

Indoor Simulation and Analysis on Soil Salt Leaching Process in Luanjing Irrigation Area,Inner Mongolia

作　　者：刘贯群[1,2] 朱良超[2] 孙蓓蓓[2] 王娟[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [2]中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第9期109-116,共8页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目:引黄灌溉对干旱区深埋潜水的补给及环境效应(40572171)资助

摘　　要：通过室内土柱淋洗实验,对比分析孪井灌区2种典型土质砂壤土及砂土淋洗前后土壤和淋滤液中盐分的变化特征,并利用各自的实验数据拟合出累积淋滤液体积和与之相对应的盐浓度间的关系曲线。结果表明,淋洗过程使2种土质的离子组成均发生显著变化,由原来的以Cl-—Na+为主转变为以HCO3-—Ca2+为主,同时二者淋滤液浓度均随累积渗漏量的增加呈幂函数降低。整个实验过程砂壤土所收集的累积淋滤液体积为7.05 PV(孔隙体积,pore volume),脱盐率为71%,砂土的累积淋滤液体积为7.01 PV,脱盐率为84%,表明灌溉脱盐作用与土质有关,砂土较砂壤土易脱盐。利用实验数据拟合获得的2种土质累积淋滤液体积和与之对应的盐浓度关系曲线,相关程度良好,基本上可以用于模拟灌溉条件下灌区土壤盐分的脱除过程。By the indoor column leaching experiments, the variation characteristics of salt and ion compo- sitions were contrasted and analyzed in two typical soil and their leachate in Luanjing Irrigation; The two typical soils were sandy loam and sand. The relation curve between the accumulation leachate volume and the corresponding salt concentration was determined by fitting experimental data. The results show that the main ion compositions in two soils are changed remarkably from Cl^--Na^＋ transformed into HCO3^-- Ca^2＋. The salt concentration of their leaehate decreases by power function with the increasing of accumulative leachate volume. During the experiment, the accumulative leachate volume of sandy loam is 7. 05 PV（pore volume） and its desalting ratio is 71%, while the accumulative leaehate volume of sand is 7.01 PV and its desalting ratio is 84%. This show that the desalination of irrigation relates to the soil texture and desalination in sand is larger than that in sandy loam. The relation curve of each soil between the accumulation leaehate volume and the corresponding salt concentration fits well. They can be used to simulate the desalting process during irrigation in the Irrigation area.

关 键 词：盐分 淋洗 拟合 

分 类 号：S156[农业科学—土壤学]